The detection, by a single set of observations, of the inflow of under-ground water having special physico-chemical properties into an inland-water lake is not yet possible.The large excesss of outflow over total surface inflow (river-water inflow plus precipitation on the lake surface) does not decide its presence, even if their exact determinations were made, because the excess of the former over the latter does not show the inflow of the under-ground waterwith its special characteristics, but merely the total under-ground water inflow, which usually has the same physico-chemical properties as the lake water.On the other hand, the anomalous stratification of water temper atures and certain chemical compositions provide sure indications. A single set of these observations will show the presence ofsuch water. Conspicuous dichothermal stratification during the summer stagnation period is the sure indicator.The following lakes show such stratification:
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