Moderate-to-severe OSA increased the risk of ACS and the incidence of PCI for progressive lesions. Increased plaque vulnerability might be related to these clinical manifestations.

Objective The object of our study was to identify the most useful predictor of patient prognosis in acute myocardial infarction (AMI), from 7 acute-phase cardiovascular peptides which take part in neurohumoral activation [brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), renin, aldosterone, adrenomedullin, epinephrine and norepinephrine].Methods In 141 consecutive AMI patients, 24 hours from onset, we evaluated plasma concentration levels of the 7 types of cardiovascular peptides and the relationships between the values of these peptides and short-term clinical prognosis, including mortality.Results Plasma levels of all cardiovascular peptides were significantly higher in patients who suffered mortality than in surviving patients (BNP: 1,267±997 pg/ml vs. 293±327 pg/ml, p<0.0001; ANP: 164±186 pg/ml vs. 64±76 pg/ml, p<0.001; adrenomedullin: 13.61±3.29 Fmol/l vs. 3.45±1.52 Fmol/l, p<0.0001; renin: 8.79±7.15 ng/ml/h vs. 4.34±5.10 ng/ml/h, p<0.01; aldosterone: 249±210 pg/ml vs. 68±74 pg/ml, p<0.0001; epinephrine: 3,191±8,360 pg/ml vs. 68±74 pg/ml, p<0.0001; norepinephrine: 21.

Background:The relationship between time of onset of acute myocardial infarction (MI) and long-term clinical outcome has not been completely understood. We hypothesized that morning onset acute MI may be associated with adverse cardiac events. Methods and Results:This study involved 663 patients who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The main outcome measures were cardiac death, recurrent acute coronary syndrome (ACS), and re-hospitalization for heart failure. Major adverse cardiac events (MACE) were defined as a composite of individual adverse outcomes. Morning onset acute MI occurred in 212 patients (32.0%); they had higher rates of recurrent ACS (13% vs. 8%, P=0.03) and MACE (21% vs. 14%, P=0.012) than the patients with other times of onset. The PCI rate for progressive lesions was also higher than for patients with other times of onset (23% vs. 14%, P=0.013). On multivariate Cox regression analysis, morning onset was an independent predictor of recurrent ACS, MACE, and PCI for progressive lesions, with adjusted hazard ratios of 1.34 (95% CI: 1.06-2.92, P=0.030), 1.51 (95% CI: 1.02-2.23, P=0.038), and 1.58 (95% CI: 1.03-2.42, P=0.037), respectively. Conclusions:Morning onset may be associated with increased risk of recurrent ACS and coronary atherosclerosis progression.