Propyl gallate (the n-propyl ester of 3, 4, 5-trihydroxybenzoic acid) was given ad libitum to pregnant rats during pregnancy at levels of 0, 0.4, 1 and 2.5% in the diet, and its teratogenic effect and effect on postnatal development were examined. At the highest dose level of 2.5%, a marked suppression of maternal body weight gain and food consumption, and a slight retardation in fetal development were observed. No evidence of an increase in fetal death or of malformation attributable to the dietary treatment with propyl gallate was observed, though some apparently spontaneous changes were found in a few fetuses. However, all the newborns from 1 dam in the 1% group and from 2 dams in the 2.5% group were cannibalized by their dams within 2 days after birth. The postnatal development of the offspring of other dams of both groups showed no indication of morphological or behavioral changes.

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Excretion, organ distribution and metabolic fate of sodium o-phenylphenate (OPP-Na) and o-phenylphenol (OPP) were studied in male rats mainly with 14C-compounds. Both OPP-Na and OPP were rapidly excreted in the urine and feces following oral administration. About 85-90% of the dose appeared in the urine, but only 3-4% in the feces within 48 hr. Biliary excretion amounted to about 27% of the dose 72 hr after oral administration of OPP-Na, and was higher than that in the feces. This fact suggests that enterohepatic circulation of OPP metabolites occurs in the body. No significant retention was observed in organs and tissues on Days 1, 3 and 7 for OPP-Na, and Days 1 and 7 for OPP after dosing. Autoradiographic studies of intact rats gave the same results. The major metabolites in the urine were the conjugates of OPP after a single oral administration of OPP-Na. OPP, 2, 5-dihydroxydiphenyl (DHD) and 2phenyl-p-benzoquinone (PBQ) in a free state were identified in the pooled urine of the rats receiving the 2% OPP-Na diets for 2 weeks. No remarkable difference was observed in excretion pattern or metabolites between OPP-Na and OPP in the single dose experiments.