The rate of oxygen permeation through La1−xSrxCo1−yFeyO3−δ was found to increase with an increase in Sr or Co content, showing that the permeability was mainly controlled by the amount of oxygen vacancies. The results obtained indicate that mixed conductive perovskite-type oxides are promising materials for oxygen permeation at elevated temperatures.

An overview of the catalytic properties of intermetallic compounds has been made to provide a comprehensive understanding regarding (1) what intermetallic catalysts can do, (2) their fundamental roles in enhanced catalysis, and (3) their advantages over other inorganic materials. A number of chemical transformations using intermetallic catalysts have been surveyed and classified into three major divisionshydrogenation/dehydrogenation, oxidation, and steam reforming and various subsections. The fundamental roles of intermetallic phases obtained from this survey were categorized into four types of effects: (a) electronic, (b) geometric, (c) steric, and (d) ordering effects. The unprecedented steric effects governed by the specific surface structures of intermetallic compounds highlight the unique capabilities of intermetallic materials. On the basis of this overview, we have concluded that intermetallic compounds have the following advantages for fine catalyst design: (i) control of the electronic structure, (ii) a specific and ordered atomic-level structure, and (iii) homogeneity of geometric and electronic structures. Thus, intermetallic compounds are promising inorganic catalyst materials capable of creating a well-designed reaction environment and suitable for developing efficient catalytic systems.

The upgrading of plastic waste is one of the grand challenges for the 21 st century owing to its disruptive impact on the environment. Here,w es howt he first example of the upgrading of various aromatic plastic wastes with C À Oand/or C À Cl inkages to arenes (75-85 %y ield) via catalytic hydrogenolysis over aR u/Nb 2 O 5 catalyst. This catalyst not only allows the selective conversion of single-component aromatic plastic,a nd more importantly,e nables the simultaneous conversion of am ixture of aromatic plastic to arenes.T he excellent performance is attributed to unique features including:(1) the small sized Ru clusters on Nb 2 O 5 ,whichprevent the adsorption of aromatic ring and its hydrogenation;(2) the strong oxygen affinity of NbO x species for C À Ob ond activation and Brønsted acid sites for CÀCb ond activation. This study offers ac atalytic path to integrate aromatic plastic waste back into the supply chain of plastic production under the context of circular economy.