Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of irreversible but preventable blindness in working age populations.Color fundus photography (CFP) is the most cost-effective imaging modality to screen for retinal disorders.However, its application to glaucoma has been limited to the computation of a few related biomarkers such as the vertical cup-to-disc ratio. Deep learning approaches, although widely applied for medical image analysis, have not been extensively used for glaucoma assessment due to the limited size of the available data sets. Furthermore, the lack of a standardize benchmark strategy makes difficult to compare existing methods in a uniform way. In order to overcome these issues we set up the Retinal Fundus Glaucoma Challenge, REFUGE (https://refuge.grand-challenge.org), held in conjunction with MICCAI 2018. The challenge consisted * Corresponding authors: Yanwu Xu (ywxu@ieee.org) and Xiulan Zhang (

A molten lithium infusion strategy has been proposed to prepare stable Li-metal anodes to overcome the serious issues associated with dendrite formation and infinite volume change during cycling of lithium-metal batteries. Stable host materials with superior wettability of molten Li are the prerequisite. Here, it is demonstrated that a series of strong oxidizing metal oxides, including MnO 2 , Co 3 O 4 , and SnO 2 , show superior lithiophilicity due to their high chemical reactivity with Li. Composite lithium-metal anodes fabricated via melt infusion of lithium into graphene foams decorated by these metal oxide nanoflake arrays successfully control the formation and growth of Li dendrites and alleviate volume change during cycling. A resulting Li-Mn/graphene composite anode demonstrates a super-long and stable lifetime for repeated Li plating/stripping of 800 cycles at 1 mA cm −2 without voltage fluctuation, which is eight times longer than the normal lifespan of a bare Li foil under the same conditions. Furthermore, excellent rate capability and cyclability are realized in full-cell batteries with Li-Mn/graphene composite anodes and LiCoO 2 cathodes. These results show a major advancement in developing a stable Li anode for lithium-metal batteries.

Broadcast is a fundamental operation of wireless ad hoc networks (WANET) and has been widely studied in the last decade. However, very few existing broadcasting strategies has considered the scenarios with sleeping schedule, which is a prevalent power-saving method in wireless networks. In this paper we study the sleeping schedule-aware minimum latency broadcast (MLB-SA) problem in WANETs and prove its NPhardness. By constructing a Shortest Path Tree (SPT) defined with the latency function on the network, we derive a lower bound on the broadcast latency theoretically. Following the topdown layered approach and using the D2-coloring solution, we proposed two progressively improved algorithms: the Simple LAyered Coloring algorithm (SLAC) and the Enhanced LAyered Coloring algorithm (ELAC) for the MLB-SA problem. The SLAC has an approximation ratio of O(Δ 2 + 1) where Δ is maximum degree of the network, while the ELAC has constant approximation ratio of 24|T |+1 where |T | is the number of timeslots in a scheduling period. The two algorithms have O(n 2 ) and O(n 3 ) time complexities respectively. The performance of the proposed algorithms are evaluated by simulations.

In this paper, we obtain some results on the existence and uniqueness of solutions to stochastic functional differential equations with infinite delay at phase space BC((−∞, 0]; R d ) which denotes the family of bounded continuous R d -value functions defined on (−∞, 0] with norm = sup −∞< 0 | ( )| under non-Lipschitz condition with Lipschitz condition being considered as a special case and a weakened linear growth condition. The solution is constructed by the successive approximation.

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