Artificial Intelligence (AI) emerged as an intervention for data and number-related problems. This breakthrough has led to several technological advancements in virtually all fields from engineering to architecture, education, accounting, business, health, and so on. AI has come a long way in healthcare, having played significant roles in data and information storage and management – such as patient medical histories, medicine stocks, sale records, and so on; automated machines; software and computer applications like diagnostic tools such as MRI radiation technology, CT diagnosis and many more have all been created to aid and simplify healthcare measures. Inarguably, AI has revolutionized healthcare to be more effective and efficient and the pharmacy sector is not left out. During the past few years, a considerable amount of increasing interest in the uses of AI technology has been identified for analyzing as well as interpreting some important fields of pharmacy like drug discovery, dosage form designing, polypharmacology, and hospital pharmacy. Given the growing importance of AI, we wanted to create a comprehensive report which helps every practicing pharmacist understand the biggest breakthroughs which are assisted by the deployment of this field.

The coronavirus disease in 2019 (COVID-19) is an ongoing pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The COVID-19 pandemic has greatly affected the functioning of the healthcare settings. More people are hospitalizing, and mortality rate is rising due to overcrowded hospitals and staff shortages. Numerous studies have been published in the Europe and United States (U.S) for the legal extensions in the roles of pharmacists in response to COVID-19 global pandemic. However, novel responsibilities have not been addressed yet for low and middle-income countries (LMICs).

COVID-19 is an infectious respiratory and vascular disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. This virus was first identified in Wuhan, China and caused an ongoing pandemic. The World Health Organization (WHO) declared the outbreak a public health emergency of international concern in January 2020 and a pandemic in March 2020. Reports suggest that patients experience persistent deficits in pulmonary and cognitive functioning, as well as multifaceted health issues and worsened quality of life. From records in Italy and France, COVID-19 survivors experience the return of symptoms. COVID-19 survivors need specialist investigation once they have been discharged from hospital. No proper guidelines are recommending that COVID-19 survivors should be under assessment. We intended to provide a model to assist local healthcare systems to establish post-COVID recovery assessment clinic(s) for CVOID-19 survivors. Our model will enable COVID-19 patients’ access to multi-professional advice, so that they are put onto the right clinical pathway to treat their symptoms. Furthermore, the findings of different specialties in post-COVID recovery assessment clinic(s) may help doctors determine the best discharge plan for COVID-19 patients.

Background: Little attention has been given to characterizing the roles of pharmacists in disasters even though the importance of pharmacists’ involvement is widely acknowledged. Objective: We amid to review a broad range of pharmacists roles in disasters and their response by numerous reports in the literature. Method: A quantitative content analysis technique was used to gather data consisting of words and phrases from literature regarding pharmacists’ roles and their response in disasters. Results: A total of 106 reports were reviewed and screened based on titles and abstracts. Of these, only 20 studies were determined to meet the eligibility criteria for discussion. A total of 7 natural disasters (pandemics, tornadoes, fires, earthquakes, floods, hurricanes and storms) were found in the literature.  Roles were classified using the Setlak classification scheme, which includes descriptors such as pharmaceutical supply, patient management, policy coordination, and response integration. Pharmaceutical supply was remains the pharmacists’ preferred role. Conclusion: It is evident from the literature that pharmacists are uniquely positioned during disasters to provide healthcare continuity and medication.