Background Dissection of aorta is a rare, but fatal complication of aortic cannulation in cardiac surgery can be caused by the sudden rise in blood pressure and hemodynamic variations. Methods In this study, 90 patients aged 18 years or older undergoing cardiac surgery were divided into two equal groups. Under similar conditions, trial group received 1.5 mg/kg of lidocaine for 90 s before cannulation and control group received normal saline. Hemodynamic parameters of patients including systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), and central venous pressure before cannulation and 1, 3, and 5 min after cannulation were recorded in a form. Consumed nitroglycerin (TNG) rate was also measured and recorded. Results In the lidocaine group, compared with the placebo group, mean SBP, DBP, and MAP significantly reduced after cannulation (P < 0.05). During the follow-up period, mean HR (P = 0.649) and TNG usage (P = 0.527) were similar in two groups. Conclusion Intravenous lidocaine, 1.5 mg/kg, 90 s before cannulation leads to a reduction in SBP, DBP, and MAP, up to 5 min after cannulation, so it can decrease risk of aortic dissection.

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Objectives: To evaluate the effect of acupuncture on the semen quality of patients with clinical varicocele and their fertility outcomes. Methods: A total of 158 men, with the primary infertility and clinical varicocele were randomized into two groups. The study group underwent a subinguinal microscopic varicocelectomy, and control group without operation. Then, each group was randomized to two sub groups; the first subgroups from them (sub group study 1 and sub group control 1) underwent acupuncture treatment twice a week for 2 months, the next subgroups (sub group study 2 and sub group control 2) underwent sham acupuncture. All subgroups were evaluated by performing spermogramms after 6 months and notifications were made by phone call for the results of their wives pregnancy. Results: The pre-treatment sperm parameters were statistically similar in all groups, however, post treatment results were significantly improved in varicocelectomized and acupuncture subgroups in comparison to control sub groups. The pregnancy rate after 24 months follow up in study subgroups were significantly better than control subgroups. Conclusions: According to our results, in this study acupuncture procedures in primary infertile clinical varicocele patients with semen abnormalities was effective, especially if combined by varicocelectomy.

Background: The present study examined the effect of bilateral infraorbital nerve block with marcaine on hemodynamic changes during sinus endoscopic surgery. Material and Methods: 30 patients underwent sinus endoscopy surgery in two groups: marcaine and normal saline. Ifraorbital nerve block was performed in the first group by injecting 1 ml of 0.5% marcaine for 30 to 40 seconds and in the second group by injecting 1 ml of sterile normal saline. The level of oxygen, pulse rate, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure were measured before anesthesia, 30 minutes and 60 minutes after anesthesia, at the time of completion of recovery surgery and exit from recovery. Results: The mean age of men was 37.29±10.15 and the mean age of women was 38.92±7.60. The mean systolic blood pressure of the marcaine group was less in comparison with the normal saline group 30 minutes (p = 0.001) and 60 minutes after the start of the anesthesia process, as well as at the time of surgery, at the time of entering the recovery and at the time of leaving the recovery (p <0.001). The mean pulse rate of marcaine group was less than normal saline group 30 minutes (p = 0.005) and 60 minutes (p = 0.019) after the start of anesthesia and at the end of surgery (p = 0.007). Conclusion: Bilateral infraorbital nerve block with topical injection of marcaine has a greater effect on lowering systolic and diastolic blood pressure and pulse than normal saline injection.