Inner happiness and the ability to fully receive joy is the utmost necessity to be healthy, to mature in professional life and eventually serving the mankind. Medical students are less ecstatic compared to other students in university because of concrete inculcation and work conditions. The aim of the present study was to evaluate happiness among medical students& its correlates. Materials and methodology: The study was conducted among 115 medical students of MBBS (2nd year) of Subharti Medical College, Meerut. The information was gathered by using the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire which was distributed among the MBBS second year students present during the study at Subharti Medical College, Meerut. Descriptive statistics and chi-square test were used for the analysis. Results: The happiness distribution in regards to baseline characteristic showed that 60.8% of the selected medical students were in happy group. It was found that male students (51.4%) were happier than females (48.6%). It was seen that 85.7% of medical students who were happy, had never consumed drugs and this association was found to be statistically significant. It was observed that comparatively younger siblings were happier. Those who believed in higher power or universal consciousness were found to be more contented and happier. Conclusion: Overall the medical students were found to be happy. To make a conducive environment for internal happiness, a belief in superpower was very helpful. All kind of drugs (alcohol and tobacco) should be discouraged as these may cause a temporary feeling of elation but not internal happiness.

Aim:The present study was aimed at assessing the lingual concavities in the submandibular fossa region in patients requiring dental implants with the help of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and methods:The present study included 140 patients who visited the department with the missing mandibular posterior teeth. CBCT images were obtained using planmeca machine. Cross sections of 1 mm of submandibular fossa in the region of 1st and 2nd molar were studied and Type I to III lingual concavities were analyzed by a radiologist.Results: Type I lingual concavity (< 2 mm) was seen in 23%, type II (2-3 mm) in 62% and Type III (> 3 mm) in 15% of patients. The difference was significant (p < 0.05). Males had slightly higher mean ± S.D value at 1st molar (2.6 mm ± 0.94) and 2nd molar (2.8 mm ± 0.90) on the left side and (2.7 mm ± 0.92) at 1st molar and (2.9 mm ± 0.93) at 2nd molar on the right side. The difference was nonsignificant (p > 0.05). Females had mean ± S.D value at 1st molar (2.3 mm ± 0.90) and (2.5 mm ± 0.92) at 2nd molar on the left side and (2.4 mm ± 0.91) at 1st molar and (2.8 mm ± 0.93) at 2nd molar. The difference was nonsignificant (p > 0.05. The difference between both genders was statistically nonsignificant (p > 0.05). Conclusion:Type I bone is the best for placing an implant. The chances of complications are more in type II and III bone. CBCT provides necessary information before planning implant in the edentulous area.Clinical significance: Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is the best radiographic aid which is effective in delineating different types of bone in the mandibular posterior region.

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Introduction: The relation between temporomandibular joint morphology and its incoordination is an arena which is not ventured in much even though many researches have been done but still it is a drop in the ocean of such a vast and complicated structure of the human TMJ anatomy. Objective: To evaluate morphological variations of temporomandibular joint in healthy and disorder patients using computed tomography. Study Design: A total of 20 temporomandibular joint disorder patients and 10 patients with normal TMJs and Class I occlusion were studied. The study was conducted at SUM Hospital and Oral Medicine and Radiology department, IDS Bhubaneswar with TMJ as chief complaint during a period from September 2016 to November 2016. Symptomatic group and asymptomatic group based on according to the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/ TMD) were selected. The present research on TMJ morphology has been designed to investigate parameters like shape of condyle, glenoid fossa and articular eminence in relation to various temporomandibular disorders (TMD).The patients were enrolled with symptoms or signs such as pain, restricted mouth opening, deviation, clicking. A series of morphological parameters with teeth in maximum intercusspation were studied in CT scan. 

Aim: To Overview and analyse the various treatment options and risk & benefits used for management of ankylosis in growing children. Summary: A Number of technique have been used for the treatment of temporomandibular Ankylosis. Since it is a known challenging problem in paediatric patients. Main aim of our treatment is excision of ankylotic mass followed by recontouring of the joint.