Food safety is an important basis for promoting economic development, ensuring social stability and maintaining national security. Research on the evaluation of food security is the basis by which to accurately grasp the food security situation and to establish national food security policies in a scientific manner. Based on China’s agricultural economic data from 2001 to 2020, this research uses an entropy weight TOPSIS model to start from the new connotations and goals of food security in the new development stage, takes quantity security, structural security, ecological security of resources, economic security and policy security as the breakthrough points, builds a food security evaluation system containing 25 indicators, and aims to conduct evaluation and research on the evolution and current situation of China’s food security. The results show that China’s food security level drops first and then rises, that China attaches increasing importance to the ecological security and policy security of food resources, and that China’s food security level is restricted by such factors as resources, modes of production, circulation, storage, transportation, trade and structure. This article puts forward some policies and suggestions in terms of resources, technology and foreign trade to safeguard China’s food security.

Being the largest producer and consumer of grain in the world, China occupies an extremely important position in the world grain market. The grain security of China is confronted with such problems as shortages of water and soil resources, a fragile ecological environment, and infrastructure constraints. The prediction and analysis of China’s grain consumption is conducive to establishing a resource-saving grain production mode, a sustainable grain supply and demand system, and a national grain security guarantee system at a higher level. In order to judge the future development trend of China’s grain accurately, guide grain production, stabilize grain expectation, and serve the relevant decision making of grain security, the GM(1,1) prediction model of China’s grain consumption has been constructed in this paper. Prediction research has been conducted with the grain consumption structure as the entry point. The model has high prediction accuracy and can be used for medium- and long-term prediction of China’s grain consumption after testing. The prediction results show that China’s grain consumption will continue to increase from 2022 to 2031, which is consistent with the factors of population change, urbanization promotion, consumption structure upgrading, and so on, in the country. Among the different types of consumption, the change in eating consumption will be small, the growth in feeding consumption and squeezing (soybean) consumption will slow down, industrial consumption will increase steadily, and seed consumption will be basically stable.