A 60-year-old female was admitted to the hospital because of acute mediastinitis caused by the perforation of a diverticulum of the esophagus. The patient was successfully treated with antibiotics and on the endoscopic examination the diverticulum was completely cured.Approximately two years after the first admission, the patient was admitted twice because of acute gastritis. Barium-meal upper gastrointestinal examination and upper G. I. endoscopy were performed on each occasion. These examinations clearly suggested that the diverticulum had chronic inflammation, with polypoid hyperplasia, and documented the growth of the diverticulum between the 2nd and 3rd admission. A s far as we know, this is a very rare report, describing the course and enlargement of an esophageal diverticulum.

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