BackgroundIn Japan, many asthma inhalers do not have formal approval for use in the pediatric population because of the lack of domestic data. In real‐world settings, however, numerous off‐label medications are prescribed. Currently, the nature of off‐label prescriptions of asthma inhalers on pediatric patients in Japan remains unclear.MethodsUsing public open‐source national medical claims data, we investigated the real‐world descriptive epidemiology of off‐label prescriptions for asthma inhalers for pediatric patients. We obtained the number of off‐label prescriptions of formulations for patients aged 0–14 years from anonymously summarized prescription data for a 7‐year period starting from April 2014. The actual prescription numbers and their chronology over time were then analyzed.ResultsIn 2019, 143,439 asthma inhalers were used off label in children and adolescents. Overall, 96.1% were inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) or long‐acting beta stimulants (LABAs), and 3.9% were high‐dose ICS. Of ICSs and LABAs, 18.8% were off‐label prescriptions. The total number of off‐label ICS/LABA prescriptions and their percentage relative to the overall formulations gradually decreased but a notable disparity was observed among inhaler types.ConclusionsThere was a surprisingly large number of off‐label prescriptions of asthma inhalers in the pediatric population in Japan. The proper use of ICSs/LABAs and expansion of insurance coverage should be advocated to reduce off‐label use.

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The Expandable Mica was Modified with a Melamine Hydrochloride Salt at 60°C for Three Hours. the Resulting Melamine-Modified Mica (MME) was Melt-Kneaded with Polyamide 6 (PA6) Using a Twin-Screw Kneader at 250°C. the Addition of MME to the PA6 Matrix Resulted in a Finer Dispersion, as Evidenced by the Disappearance of the (001) Reflections in the XRD Patterns and TEM Image. the Tensile Modulus of MME/PA Nanocomposite (including 4.1 Mass % Mica) Increased by Approximately 1.8 Times Compared with that of the Neat PA6, which can be Attributed to the Increasing of the Exfoliated Silicate Platelets and the Dominating of the γ Crystalline Form in the Nanocomposites.

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