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High-quality signal processing of an electrocardiogram (ECG) is an urgent problem in present day diagnostics for revealing dangerous signs of cardiovascular diseases and arrhythmias in patients. The used methods and programs of signal analysis and classification work with the arrays of points for mathematical modeling that must be extracted from an image or recording of an electrocardiogram. The aim of this work is developing a method of extracting images of ECG signals into a one-dimensional array. An algorithm is proposed based on sequential color processing operations and improving the image quality, masking and building a one-dimensional array of points using Python tools and libraries with open access. The results of testing samples from the ECG database and comparing images before and after processing show that the signal extraction accuracy is approximately 95 %. In addition, the presented application design is simple and easy to use. The proposed program for analyzing and processing the ECG data has a great potential in the future for the development of more complex software applications for automatic analyzing the data and determining arrhythmias or other pathologies.

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Abstract:Interval arithmetic is the mathematical structure, which for real intervals defines operations analogous to ordinary arithmetic ones. This field of mathematics is also called interval analysis or interval calculations. The given math model is convenient for investigating various applied objects: the quantities, the approximate values of which are known; the quantities obtained during calculations, the values of which are not exact because of rounding errors; random quantities. As a whole, the idea of interval calculations is the use of intervals as basic data objects. In this paper, we considered the definition of interval mathematics, investigated its properties, proved a theorem, and showed the efficiency of the new interval arithmetic. Besides, we briefly reviewed the works devoted to interval analysis and observed basic tendencies of development of integral analysis and interval calculations.