INTRODUCTIONAnemia is one of the most important public health problem not only in India but also in most south east Asian countries. About 16-40% maternal deaths occur due to anemia. Anemia also increase maternal morbidity and mortality. Pregnancy increases the requirement of various health nutrients, iron and folic acid. Hemodilution during pregnancy aggravates anemia.Along with physiological causes, social causes like early marriage, teenage pregnancy, decrease spacing between pregnancy, poor nutritional supplementation also contribute to anemia. Incidence of anemia during pregnancy in india ranges between 65-75%. In India NNACP was initiated to provide free iron and folic acid supplementation to pregnant woman from second trimester to three months postpartum. ICMR data shows 84.2% anemia prevalence in rural pregnant women, of which 13.1% were severe anemia. In India 26.3% of pregnant woman have institutional deliveries, have minimal number of visits to nearest ABSTRACT Background: Anemia during pregnancy is highly prevalent in developing countries like India. Mostly is nutritional, of which iron deficiency anemia is predominant. Pregnancy is a state of hemodilution, also there is increased requirement of iron and folic acid during pregnancy. The incidence varies with socioeconomic status, literacy. Anemia has adverse outcome on both mother and fetal health. Poor fetal outcome like increase in preterm deliveries, increase in intrauterine growth restriction, increase in NICU admission, intrauterine death is seen. Maternal complications increase with anemia. This study aims to study the prevalence, type of anemia and its effect on mother and fetus. Objective of present study were to investigate the type and degree of anemia and to study the maternal and perinatal outcome. Methods: This study was done in department of obstetrics and gynecology in M. R. Medical college kalaburagi for 1 year. Study was conducted on 100 pregnant women. Haemoglobin estimation was done for all woman in 3 rd trimester. Severity of anemia was detected by ICMR (Indian Council of Medical Research) classification. Depending on degree and type of anemia all were treated and followed up for maternal and perinatal outcome. Results: The incidence of mild, moderate, severe anemia were 28%, 54%, 18% respectively. Most of the anemic woman belonged to low socioeceonomic status 84%. 16% had maternal complications. Poor perinatal outcome was seen in unbooked and referred cases. Conclusions: Anemia continues to be a major problem in developing countries with poor maternal and neonatal outcome. Early diagnosis and treatment can improve both maternal and neonatal outcome.

Background: One of the critical and commonest acute abdominal emergencies which a gynaecologist has to manage in day to day practise is ectopic pregnancy. The present study is compilation to know the risk factors and different modalities of medical and surgical management of patients with ectopic pregnancy.Methods: All patients diagnosed of Ectopic pregnancy at Basaveshwar teaching and general hospital and Sangameshwar teaching and general hospital attached to Mahadevappa Rampure Medical College were part of the study, over a period of two years (August 2014 to July 2016). It was a prospective study with pivot tables, graphs and chi square test.Results: In a span of 2 years 50 cases were studied. Maximum age incidence was 21-25 years. Greater incidence was seen in primigravida accounting for 28%. Most patients presented with pain in abdomen (50 cases). Risk factors included previous abortion, contraception history, sterilization history and pelvic surgery. 47 cases underwent laparotomy and 3 cases were managed medically. 66% had tubal rupture and the most common site was ampulla. Post-operative period was uneventful in majority of cases.Conclusions: With the increasing incidence of ectopic pregnancy, screening of high risk cases, early diagnosis and early intervention are required to prevent the maternal deaths and conservation of reproductive health.

Background: Animal bites pose a major public health problem in children and adults worldwide. Numerous animal species have the potential to bite humans, the most important are those arising from dogs. The Aim of the study was to evaluate patients with regards to age, sex, site, type of dog (stray or pet) category of bite, first Aid management & awareness for anti-rabies vaccine (ARV). Methods: It was a prospective study carried out by department of surgery, for a period of one year. All patients with dog bites were selected. The patients were interviewed as per the proforma. Results: The majority of the patients were males with peak age group in the first decade. Most common site was lower limbs. Most bites were by stray dogs and in rural areas. Majority applied home made preparation as first aid. Conclusions: Most of dog bite cases are seen in children and majority are in males. Many people are not aware of First aid. Dog bites are common in rural areas. ARC clinics should be set up separately. With the availability of better media facilities the awareness of first aid and seeking medical attention at the earliest can be increased.

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