Ginger is an important spice crop grown in the mid-hills of Nepal for cash income. 60 ginger producers were sampled using a simple random sampling technique. Primary data collection was done via questionnaire survey as well as via focus group discussion (FGD), key informant interview (KII) and rapid market appraisal (RMA). The collected data was analyzed using MS Excel and SPSS. Average area under ginger cultivation was 0.13 ha. Average cost of production and the productivity of ginger was NRs. 4,20,000/ha and 14.44 ton/ha respectively. The average selling price of fresh ginger was NRs. 29.34 whereas average selling price of dried ginger was NRs. 201.42. The Benefit Cost ratio of ginger production in the study area was 1.53. The major production related problem could be solved by making consulting services and input supplies more reliable and readily available. Development of the market information system may help in decreasing the dependency of farmers on middlemen. Establishment of farmer-run collection and processing centers in strategic levels could be a sustainable way to address various problems related to marketing of ginger in the study area.

Hermetia illucens (Linnaeus, 1758)- Black soldier fly is a beneficial insect which has been used in simple systems, to treat organic waste efficiently and rapidly, and to produce animal feed ingredient and fertilizer as end products. These flies are naturally found in warmer parts of the globe. The incidence of Black soldier fly was recorded for the first time in Nepal in between April and May 2020 in the sub urban area of Chitwan District, Nepal. Identification of the insect was done in the Laboratory of Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Agriculture and Forestry University, Nepal. Both adult and larval forms of the insect were identified based on the study of morphological characteristics of captured specimens using simple microscope and stereomicroscope. The record of this insect in Nepal opens up a new dimension for its use in bio-systems to treat organic waste and produce more sustainable ingredient for animal feeding, and rich fertilizer to be used in agriculture.