Two new daphniphyllum alkaloids named 2-hydroxyyunnandaphnine D (1) and methyl 7-hydroxyhomodaphniphyllate (2), together with eight known alkaloids, daphnioldhanin D, calyciphylline F, calyciphylline B, deoxycalyciphylline B, daphnicyclidin H, macropodumine C, 9,10-epoxycalycine A, and yunnandaphnine A, were isolated from the stems and leaves of Daphniphyllum calycinum. Their structures and relative configurations were established on the basis of spectral evidence (including 2D-NMR) and subsequently confirmed by a single-crystal X-ray crystallographic diffraction analysis.Introduction. -Trees of the genus Daphniphyllum (Daphniphyllaceae) are known to elaborate a structurally diverse group of alkaloids with unique polycyclic fused ring systems [1]. These daphniphyllum alkaloids have been attractive targets for biogenetic and synthetic studies [2]. Previous investigations on the genus Daphniphyllum led to the isolation of more than 60 new daphniphyllum alkaloids according to pertinent references [3 -7]. To find further potentially bioactive interesting alkaloids from D. calycinum and to delineate their ethnomedical properties, the present study was undertaken. The investigation of the chemical constituents of the stems and leaves of D. calycinum collected in the Guangxi province resulted in the isolation and structural elucidation of two new daphniphyllum alkaloids.

Mitissimolone, a new regular sesquiterpene possessing a novel carbon skeleton, was isolated from the EtOH extract of fruiting bodies of Lactarius mitissimus. Its structure was determined by extensive spectroscopic analyses including 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR spectra. Mitissimolone inhibited moderately the growth of HeLa cells lines, with an IC50 value of 29.8 μg/ml.

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