Now in general use in solar water heater, there is a long pipeline between water heater and tap, we have to empty the stored cold water before we use the hot water; and usually the water cannot meet required temperature due to the heating delay effect, thus the water also should be emptied, which leads to a waste of water resources. In order to solve this water wastage, we propose a device which can help to control the temperature and backflow of the water in water heater. The device accomplishes backflow of cold water automatically under the effect of gravity, and refluxed water will be stored in the recycle-water tank, thus ensuring the result that the water temperature satisfies the requirement. After the recycle-water tank is full, it will trigger the buoy to control the relay switch, then the water pump start to work to force the water into the water heater tank. Thus, realizing the recycling of water. This device can significantly save water resources in domestic water, and it has a broad market prospect.

The present work aims at the effects of alkali metal ions (Na+, K+) on the NOx precursor formation during coal pyrolysis by employing the N-containing pyridine as the model compound. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were used to elucidate the pyridine pyrolysis mechanism and pathways for the HCN formation. The calculation results indicate that Na+ and K+ have distinct influences on different pyrolysis reactions. The two alkali metal ions can facilitate the initial hydrogen transfer from C1 to N and C2, while it is the opposite situation for other hydrogen migration reactions. Both Na+ and K+ significantly reduce the activation energies for the C-C bond breakage and the formation of the triple bond, whereas the activation energies are increased for isomerization reactions. The two alkali metal ions modulate the rate-determining step of the pyrolysis process and promote the formation of HCN from pyridine by decreasing the activation energies of the rate-determining steps in different pathways.

Coal-fired power generation is the main source of CO2 emission in China. To solve the problem of efficiency decline and cost increase caused by CO2 capture of coal-fired power generation, Prof. Peng (Peng and Han 2009) proposed an integrated gasification fuel cell (IGFC) power generation technology. The interaction mechanism of coal gasification purification, fuel cell and other components need to be further study in the IGFC. To develop new technology for coal gasification and purification, we studied gasification reaction characteristics of ultrafine coal particles, ash melting characteristics and effects on coal gasification reaction, the formation mechanism of pollutants and developed an elevated temperature pressure swing adsorption rig for H2S and CO2 simultaneous removal. The results show that the Miura-Maki model appropriate to perform gasification kinetics of Shenhua bituminous coal and the predicted DTG curves fit the experimental data well. The designed 8-6-1 cycle procedure can effectively remove CO2 and H2S simultaneously, and the removal rate is over 99.9%. In addition, the transition metal oxides used as mercury removal adsorbents in coal gasification syngas has great potential. The technique presented in this paper can improve the gasification efficiency and reduce the formation of pollutants for IGFC.

Coal-fired power generation is the main source of CO 2 emission in China. To solve the problem of efficiency decline and cost increase caused by CO 2 capture of coal-fired power generation, Prof. Peng (Peng and Han 2009) proposed an integrated gasification fuel cell (IGFC) power generation technology. The interaction mechanism of coal gasification purification, fuel cell and other components need to be further study in the IGFC. To develop new technology for coal gasification and purification, we studied gasification reaction characteristics of ultrafine coal particles, ash melting characteristics and effects on coal gasification reaction, the formation mechanism of pollutants and developed an elevated temperature pressure swing adsorption rig for H 2 S and CO 2 simultaneous removal. The results show that the Miura-Maki model appropriate to perform gasification kinetics of Shenhua bituminous coal and the predicted DTG curves fit the experimental data well. The designed 8-6-1 cycle procedure can effectively remove CO 2 and H 2 S simultaneously, and the removal rate is over 99.9%. In addition, the transition metal oxides used as mercury removal adsorbents in coal gasification syngas has great potential. The technique presented in this paper can improve the gasification efficiency and reduce the formation of pollutants for IGFC.