This paper examines the spatial innovation spillovers in different distance ranges in China.Results indicate that innovation spillovers do not decay with distance monotonously but appear to be a concave curve. Spatial innovation spillovers are superimposed effects, including both the positive effects of knowledge diffusion and the crowding-out effects of innovation resources and market rivalry. We also confirm that the regional open innovation can positively regulate such spillovers. Regions with higher intensity of open innovation could gain more substantial benefits from innovation spillovers. These findings provide manifold policy implications for reducing the inequality of regional innovation capacity.

Currently, long-distance freight transport is shifting towards multimodal transport, the combination of multiple freight transport modes. Multimodal transport enables enterprises with the same logistics function to operate on the same level of the supply chain. Through horizontal cooperation, these enterprises can give play to their advantages, make up their deficiencies, improve service levels, reduce cost input, and thereby enhance market status. Therefore, multimodal transport is an intensive development model that promotes the alliance between giants. The reasonable path design and planning (PDP) and investment and construction mode (ICM) of the multimodal transport network help freight demanders, as well as multimodal freight transport platforms, obtain the maximum profit. Therefore, this paper explores the PDP and ICM of the multimodal transport network based on big data analysis. Firstly, the influencing factors and behavioral features of multimodal transport were deeply examined, drawing on the logit model and the big data on multiple freight services, namely, railway transport, highway transport, waterway transport, and airway transport. After classifying the freights, the authors analyzed the modeling and decision-making of path design and optimization (PDO) for multimodal transport network. The proposed model was proved effective through experiments. This paper theoretically explores the goals, principles, and needs of path selection in the modern transportation industry. In a realistic sense, the research findings help decision-makers optimize their decisions on the multimodal transport network and operate the network at the minimum transport cost.

Chinese governments at all levels have been using various policies to encourage innovation by firms. However, few studies considered the superimposed effects of multilevel innovation policies. Based on the panel data of 443 Chinese innovation–oriented firms from 2008 to 2011, this study investigates the complementarities between national and local science and technology programmes. The heterogeneous effects across stages of the innovation process are also considered. Results show that the national science and technology (S&T) programmes significantly increase firms’ external research and development (R&D) expenditure but inhibit the commercialisation. In addition, the national and local S&T programmes complement each other in promoting external R&D expenditure while presenting substitutive in increasing patent outputs. This paper further finds that national and local programmes are more likely to be complementary at high subsidy intensity. This study contributes to the development of policy mix theory and has manifold implications for designing pertinent innovation policy systems

In order to scientifically and objectively evaluate the risk in the operation and maintenance process of the urban integrated pipe corridor, and then prevent the occurrence of urban integrated pipe corridor operation and maintenance accidents, this paper combines AHP analysis and CIM model to propose a new model for the risk assessment of pipe corridors: AHP-CIM model, and uses the model to conduct a verification of the operation and maintenance risk evaluation of the Beijing Tongzhou Canal Core Area North Ring Tunnel Integrated Pipe Corridor. Using a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods, the risk factors in the operation and maintenance process of the integrated urban pipe corridor were first identified and their weights determined, and then the CIM model was used to calculate the probability distribution of the levels of risk factors at each level of the hierarchical model, and finally the risk assessment set of the risk probability distribution of this integrated pipe corridor was obtained. The results show that the overall O&M risk level of this integrated pipe corridor is high, and its probability is 69.47%.