The polarization states and orbital angular momentum (OAM) properties of light are of considerable importance for several aspects of high-precision optical measurements. In this work, we have investigated the properties of composited OAM beams propagating in a Bi4Ge3O12 crystal under an applied magnetic field and have demonstrated a magnetic field sensing method based on compositing of OAM beams using a Sagnac configuration. The polarization rotation can be projected into petal-like patterns by the rotation of the OAM beams. However, the accurate measurement of the rotation angles of the petal-like patterns of OAM beams remains challenging. Therefore, an image processing technique based on the Radon transform is explored to enable the accurate calculation of the rotation angle of the petal-like patterns of composite OAM beams under different magnetic fields. The rotation angle of these petal-like patterns is found to have a linear dependence on the magnetic field intensity, which means that the proposed system is appropriate for magnetic field sensing applications. Using this method, a magnetic field sensitivity of 28°/T has been achieved experimentally with a measurement error of 0.0123 T in a high-intensity magnetic field ranging from 191 to 3322 G for OAM beams with topological charge (TC) l=±1.
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