Due to its ability to carry and release oxygen, hemoglobin (Hb) has been used in hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers (HBOCs), which can reduce the need for red blood cells obtained clinically to be used for emergency treatment. 1 But in past studies, clinical trials of HBOCs have revealed a variety of adverse effects. 2 Many of which are related to the nature of Hb itself. [3][4][5] These adverse effects have
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