Nanomotors are of great importance when studying nanoelectromechanical systems that contain carbon nanotube (CNT) based nanomotors for controlled motion in water using a rotating electric field. In this paper, Y-type nanomotor structures based on CNTs immersed in an aqueous solution are designed, and systems with different Y-type structure angles are simulated using molecular dynamics. The simulation results suggest that when the rotating electric field speed is appropriate, changing the Y-type structure angle can adjust the hysteresis (forward and backward motion) of nanomotor rotors during rotation. Precise control over the rotation angle of the nanomotor rotor improves its working efficiency. The enclosed simulation results are an important reference when designing nanoscale propellers and complex structured nanogear systems in aqueous solutions.

Nanomotors with ultrahigh speed that are easy to assemble, with low friction and long service life, have been actively researched in several fields recently, owing to the relentless development of nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS). They are based on the principle that the reorientation of the water dipole moment induced by the rotating electric field can rotate the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) immersed in the aqueous solution. The dynamic behaviors of nanomotor rotors with different radii and lengths are studied. According to molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, the lag angle between the nanomotor rotor and the water molecule dipole can be reduced by increasing the radius of the nanomotor rotor or increasing the length of the nanomotor rotor. At the same time, the synchronization speed between the nanomotor rotor and the rotating electric field can also be increased by increasing the radius of the nanomotor or reducing the length of the nanomotor rotor. These studies show that the radii and lengths of the nanomotor rotor can affect the nanomotor rotor rotation angle, rotation speed and cycle time. Our findings may have potential applications in the design of nanopropellers and nanogears of complex structure.

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