Abstract:In this paper, a two-stage stochastic unit commitment (UC) model considering flexible scheduling of demand response (DR) is proposed. In the proposed UC model, the DR resources can be scheduled: (1) in the first stage, as resources on a day-ahead basis to integrate the predicted wind fluctuation with lower uncertainty; (2) in the second stage, as resources on an intra-day basis to compensate for the deviation among multiple wind power scenarios considering the coupling relationship of DR on available time and capacity. Simulation results on the Pennsylvania-New Jersey-Maryland (PJM) 5-bus system and IEEE 118-bus system indicate that the proposed model can maximize the DR value with lower cost. Moreover, different types of DR resources may vary in the contract costs (capacity costs), the responsive costs (energy costs), the time of advance notice, and the minimum on-site hours. The responsive cost is considered as the most important factor affecting DR scheduling. In addition, the first-stage DR is dispatched more frequently when transmission constraints congestion occurs.

The fluctuation of renewable energy output brings many challenges to the operation of power system, which also indirectly affects the consumption of renewable energy. This paper proposes a market-oriented consumption model based on “shared energy storage and demand side resources” to track renewable energy generation curve. This paper combs the benefits of each party when participating in the transaction, and gives an example to illustrate how the parties benefit from the transaction. The market transaction mode proposed in this paper can enhance the user’s adaptability to renewable energy output by using energy storage equipment; additionally, it can avoid the risk of building energy storage facilities due to participation in the transaction. This provides a feasible idea for further improving the capacity of renewable energy consumption in China.

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract