Cesium
tungsten bronzes (Cs0.32WO3) have attracted
much attention as a near-infrared absorbing material. We report the
successful synthesis of highly crystalline and high purity Cs0.32WO3 nanoparticles through a spray pyrolysis
route. Careful analyses disclosed the presence of cationic defects,
that is, a tungsten deficiency and insufficient Cs doping in the Cs0.32WO3 nanoparticles. These cationic defects can
be controlled by facile heat treatment in a mildly reducing atmosphere.
In particular, we clarify that the tungsten deficiency is a key factor
among the cationic defects to obtain high near-infrared absorption
properties. Furthermore, this study clearly demonstrates the precise
tunability of the optical properties by means of the lattice constants
of the Cs0.32WO3 crystal. The realized range
of lattice constants is significantly wider than those previously
reported. These findings should contribute to the engineering of Cs0.32WO3 structure and properties.
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