The
successful isolation of single layers from two-dimensional
(2D) van der Waals (vdW)-layered materials has opened new frontiers
in condensed matter physics and materials science. Their discovery
and unique properties laid the foundation for exploring 1D counterparts.
However, the isolation of 1D vdW-wired materials has thus far remained
a challenge, and effective techniques are demanded. Here we report
the facile synthesis of isolated transition-metal monochalcogenide
MoTe nanowires by using carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as molds. Individual
nanowires are perfectly separated by CNTs with a minimal interaction,
enabling detailed characterization of the single wires. Transmission
electron microscopy revealed unusual torsional motion of MoTe nanowires
inside CNTs. Confinement of 1D vdW-wired materials to the nanotest
tubes might open up possibilities for exploring unprecedented properties
of the nanowires and their potential applications such as electromechanical
switching devices.
Background
Nurse migration under bilateral agreements is a recent global trend, although lack of consultation with the health industries has led to challenges in the recruitment of foreign nurses by hospitals. To analyze the prevailing perception of hospitals on the Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA), under which Japan opened the doors to foreign nurses, we surveyed hospitals that are yet to employ foreign nurses.
Methods
An anonymous questionnaire was developed and distributed to eligible hospitals; it assessed managers’ perception of Japan’s policy on the recruitment of foreign nurses and their intentions to hire foreign nurses under the EPA (hereafter called EPA nurses). We randomly selected 1879 hospitals, or 22% of the hospitals in Japan (n = 8540), with more than 20 beds. We used descriptive statistics, a Chi-square test, and logistic regression analysis to identify the predictors and developed a model to predict the likelihood of their intention to recruit EPA nurses in the future.
Results
In total, 432 hospitals were eligible for further analysis (response rate: 22.9%). Half (50%) of the hospital managers were considerably interested in Japan’s policy on recruiting EPA nurses, although only 20% intended to recruit EPA nurses in the future. Willingness to recruit EPA nurses was associated with the degree of interest in the policy (OR 9.38; 95% CI 4.42–19.90) and managers’ perception of EPA nurses (OR 5.32, 95% CI 2.38–11.89).
Conclusions
To attract more hospitals to recruit foreign nurses, it is essential for the Japanese government and the sending countries to review their EPA systems. Utilizing returning nurses to assist language acquisition by the forthcoming EPA nurses could be a provisional solution. For a more fundamental solution, long-term provision, from prior to their migration until their return migration, is needed to encourage brain circulation, as opposed to brain drain, between sending and receiving countries.
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