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Due to their excellent electrical and mechanical properties, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene (G) have attracted increasing attention for the application of electronic skins (E-skins). In this paper, based on CNT/G hybrid films with a resistivity of 4.98 × 10 −4 Ω•m, we prepared two kinds of E-skins with low power consumption and successfully realized the perception of multiple signals, including stretching, bending, temperature, and pressure. With a G mass fraction of 20%, the stretch/flexion/temperature-sensitive E-skin has an ultrahigh gauge factor (GF) of 1429 with a strain range of 0 to 10%, a GF of 0.92 rad −1 with a bending angle range of 0 to 90°, and a GF of 1.1 × 10 −3 °C−1 with a temperature range of 25 to 85 °C; the pressure-sensitive E-skin has a GF of 7.45 kPa −1 with a pressure range of 15 to 10,015 Pa. In addition, we applied the prepared E-skins in human−machine interactions and wearable devices and confirmed their low power consumption below 74.20 nW in wearable applications.

The design and application of the mushroom picking robot will greatly reduce the labor cost, and it has become one of the research hotspots in the world. Therefore, we independently developed an A. bisporus (a kind of mushroom) picking robot and introduced its functional principle in this paper. At the same time, in order to improve the picking efficiency of the picking robot, a picking path optimization algorithm based on TSP model is proposed. Firstly, based on the TSP model, a picking route model for A. bisporus was established to determine the storage location of each A. bisporus. Then, an improved simulated annealing (I-SA) search algorithm is proposed to find the optimal path sequence. By improving the path initialization module, path generation module, and temperature drop module, the I-SA search algorithm can optimize the picking path in a short time. Finally, in order to improve the stability and reduce the running time of the I-SA search algorithm, a parallel optimization method for global search (“rough exploration”) and local search (“precision exploration”) is proposed. Through simulation experiments, the I-SA search algorithm can search stable and excellent path solution in a relatively short time. Through field experiments on mushroom base, the efficiency of picking A. bisporus can be improved by 14% to 18%, which verifies the effectiveness of the I-SA search algorithm.

Based on a thermally reduced graphene oxide (rGO)/ carbon nanotube (CNT) composite film, two kinds of flexible, wearable, and ultralow-power-consumption electronic skins (E-skins) are prepared. They have been used to successfully perceive the signals of stretch, flexion, temperature, and pressure, and their gauge factors (GFs) are 233, 2.37 rad −1 , 5.53 × 10 −4 °C−1 , and 1.58 kPa −1 , as the mass fraction of graphene is 20% in the composite film. Compared with the E-skins based on pure rGO film, our E-skins have larger stretching stain (ε) and bending angle (θ) ranges and higher temperature-and pressure-based GF values. Furthermore, the prepared E-skins have been successfully applied in various fields, and their ultralow power consumption has also been confirmed to be below 72 nW in wearable device applications.

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