Subway station is usually located in the dense area of urban buildings (structures). The blasting construction of subway station foundation pit is bound to have adverse effects on adjacent buildings (structures). Therefore, it is necessary to study the dynamic response of the building (structure) and propose the safety threshold of vibration velocity. Based on the foundation pit blasting project of Hejialong Station of Wuhan Rail Transit Line 12, the vibration monitoring of the field blasting test is carried out. Combined with LS-DYNA numerical simulation software, the dynamic response characteristics of a reinforced concrete rigid frame natatorium near the foundation pit are studied, and safety thresholds for structural vibration velocities are derived. It is worth noting that the structure is a large span reinforced concrete rigid frame structure, which is different from the general reinforced concrete frame structure. The safe allowable vibration velocity in the specification is not fully applicable to the structure. Therefore, it is necessary to focus on the dynamic response of the structure under the blasting effect and propose the safety threshold of structural vibration velocity, which can provide reference for the subsequent foundation blasting. The results are as follows: Blasting seismic waves in different propagation media, their energy attenuation is different. By analyzing the vibration velocity of reinforced concrete rigid frame structures, it is found that the high-level amplification effect occurred at specific height range. In addition, the vibration velocity changes abruptly at the parts where the shape and dimensions of the rigid frame cross-section change. The peak vibration velocity and the maximum principal stress of the concrete elements were statistically analyzed to obtain the linear relationship equation, and the vibration velocity safety control threshold of the structure was predicted to be V = 5.089 cm/s.