Background: Hypertension is one of the main causes of cardiovascular death. Inflammation was considered influential factors of cardiovascular (CVD) death in patients with hypertension. Advanced lung cancer inflammation index (ALI) is an index to assess inflammation, few studies have investigated the relationship between advanced lung cancer inflammation index and cardiovascular death in hypertensive patients.Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between advanced lung cancer inflammation index and long-term cardiovascular death in hypertensive patients.Method: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999–2018 with mortality follow-up through 31 December 2019 were analyzed. Advanced lung cancer inflammation index was calculated as BMI (kg/㎡) × serum albumin level (g/dL)/neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR). A total of 20,517 participants were evaluated. Patients were divided into three groups based on tertiles of advanced lung cancer inflammation index as follows: T1 (n = 6,839), T2 (n = 6,839), and T3 (n = 6,839) groups. The relationship between advanced lung cancer inflammation index and long-term cardiovascular death was assessed by survival curves and Cox regression analysis based on the NHANES recommended weights.Results: The median advanced lung cancer inflammation index value in this study was 61.9 [44.4, 84.6]. After full adjustment, the T2 group (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.59, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.50–0.69; p < 0.001) and T3 group (HR: 0.48, 95% CI: 0.39–0.58; p < 0.001) were found to have a significantly lower risk of cardiovascular death compared to the T1 group.Conclusion: High levels of advanced lung cancer inflammation index were associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular death in hypertensive patients.

BackgroundDirect antihypertensive therapy in hypertensive patients with a high CVD risk can reduce the incidence of cardiovascular death but increase adverse cardiovascular events, so additional ways to identify hypertensive patients at high risk may be needed. Studies have shown that immunity and inflammation affect the prognoses of patients with hypertension and that the pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV) is an index to assess immunity and inflammation, but few studies have applied the PIV index to patients with hypertension.ObjectiveTo explore the relationship between the PIV and long-term all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with hypertension.MethodData from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999–2018 with a mortality follow-up through December 31, 2019, were analyzed. A total of 26,781 participants were evaluated. The patients were grouped based on PIV levels as follows: T1 group (n = 8,938), T2 group (n = 8,893), and T3 group (n = 8,950). The relationship between the PIV and long-term all-cause and cardiovascular death was assessed by survival curves and Cox regression analysis based on the NHANES recommended weights.ResultThe PIV was significantly associated with long-term all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with hypertension. After full adjustment, patients with higher PIV have a higher risk of all-cause [Group 3: HR: 1.37, 95% CI: 1.20–1.55, p < 0.001] and cardiovascular [Group 3: HR: 1.62, 95% CI: 1.22–2.15, p < 0.001] mortality.ConclusionElevated PIV was associated with increased all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality in hypertensive patients.

BackgroundMalnutrition and systemic inflammation are associated with poor outcomes in patients with hypertension, and the two often coexist. However, few studies have combined nutritional and inflammatory status to assess the prognosis of patients with hypertension. The present study aimed to investigate the association between advanced lung cancer inflammation index (ALI), as a factor assessment the nutritional and inflammatory status, and long-term all-cause mortality of patients with hypertension.Materials and methodsData from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999–2014 with mortality follow-up through December 31, 2015, were analyzed. A total of 15,681 participants were evaluated. The patients were grouped based on the ALI tertiles as follows: T1 (ALI ≤ 49.41, n = 5,222), T2 (ALI > 49.41 and ≤ 76.29, n = 5,221), and T3 (ALI > 76.29, n = 5,237) groups. Survival curves and Cox regression analysis based on the NHANES recommended weights were used to assess the relationship between nutritional and inflammatory status and long-term all-cause mortality.ResultsAdvanced lung cancer inflammation index was significantly associated with long-term all-cause mortality in patients with hypertension. After adjustment for related factors, the T2 [hazard ratio (HR): 0.69, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.58–0.83; P < 0.001) and T3 (HR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.47–0.74; P < 0.001) groups were significantly associated with a decreased risk of all-cause mortality compared to the lower ALI level group (T1).ConclusionAdvanced lung cancer inflammation index was a comprehensive index of nutrition and inflammation and an independent significant prognostic factor in hypertension patients in the American community. Systemic inflammatory and nutritional status assessment and monitoring are essential for the health of hypertensive patients.