An all-fiber approach to generate triangular-shaped pulses based on frequency-to-time conversion is proposed and demonstrated. Two filter modules that have sinusoidal spectral responses are cascaded to create a triangular-shaped optical spectrum. Through the frequency-to-time conversion in a dispersive fiber, periodic triangular pulses with the same shape as the optical spectrum are obtained. The repetition rate and pulse width of the generated signals can be tuned by adjusting the modulation rate and the dispersion value, respectively.

The antioxidant synergistic effects of Osmanthus fragrans flowers with green tea were evaluated, and their major antioxidant compounds contributed to the total amount of synergy were determined. The antioxidant compounds in O. fragrans flowers with green tea were identified by LC-MS and quantified by UPLC-PDA. The synergistic antioxidant interactions between O. fragrans flowers with green tea and their antioxidant compounds were tested using the Prieto’s model after the simulated digestion. The main antioxidant compounds in O. fragrans flowers were acteoside and salideroside, whereas the main antioxidant compounds in green tea were caffeine, gallic acid, and L-epicatechin. The significant synergistic effect between O. fragrans flowers and green tea was observed and among nearly all of the combinations of their antioxidant compounds. Among the combinations, acteoside and gallic acid contributed most to the antioxidant synergy between O. fragrans flowers and green tea. However, the simulated digestion decreased this antioxidant synergy because it reduced the contents and the antioxidant capacities of their compounds, as well as the antioxidant synergy among the compounds.

A versatile platform for nanodrug delivery and synergetic therapy is a promising therapeutic pattern for antitumor treatment in clinical biology. Here, we innovatively encapsulated graphene quantum dots (GQDs) or methylene blue (MB) together with doxorubicin (DOX) into the cores of poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles coated with bovine serum albumin (BSA) based on the emulsion method to synthesize core-shell structure nanoparticles (GQDs@DOX/PB and MB@DOX/PB NPs). The GQDs@DOX/PB NPs exhibited excellent photothermal properties and stability under 808 nm laser irradiation. The in vitro chemophotothermal synergetic experiments manifested that the GQDs@DOX/PB NPs effectively cause the thermal ablation of tumor cells under NIR laser irradiation. Meanwhile, the in vitro chemophotodynamic synergetic experiments revealed that the MB@ DOX/PB NPs could produce reactive oxygen species and showed outstanding antitumor efficacy under 660 nm laser irradiation. Consequently, the pH-responsive multifunctional nanoparticles prepared by a facile strategy have a high tumor cell-killing efficacy, manifesting excellent potential in synergistic therapy.

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