Teaching Aids (TA) are those accessories, tools, and items used by the classroom teacher to assist students in understanding the concepts of the lesson. In other word, Using a TA is to explain the lesson efficiently so that the students can grasp the lesson idea and messages efficiently. There are many types of TA whereas considering student grade levels, corresponding interests and abilities for selecting any type have a great impact on student engagement beyond a traditional lecture format. This study aims to examine the effects of the use of different teaching aids (visual, audio and audiovisual)in teaching Mathematics in the primary schools especially in grade 7 to 9. This study uses the descriptive method on the cadastral form. The results showed that the preferred teaching aids are audiovisual by rating 80%, compared to the other two teaching aids which are visual and audio by rating 6% and 14% respectively. © IJERE. All rights reserved

This paper presents a boundary integral equation method for finding the solution of Robin problems in bounded and unbounded multiply connected regions. The Robin problems are formulated as Riemann-Hilbert problems which lead to systems of integral equations and the related differential equations are also constructed that give rise to unique solutions, which are shown. Numerical results on several test regions are presented to illustrate that the approximate solution when using this method for the Robin problems when the boundaries are sufficiently smooth are accurate.

Mathematics one of the important subject in primary schools, it is the best criteria for evaluating the ability of students level for learning and understanding. The problem is the students felt weakness and anxious in mathematics subject especially those students in the grade one to three, moreover, sometimes they fail in mathematics become to a factor to fail other scientific subjects, for these reasons the teachers should be teaching mathematics carefully and use modern methodologies for teaching mathematics. This study aims to find the factor of difficulties of teaching mathematics in the primary classes as well as the complexities in the mathematics curriculum in these classes. For addressing this issue, we use a sampling method for collecting data and analyzing method for analyzing data collected. For collecting real data, ten relative questions proposed then answered by one hundred teachers through their experience and their knowledge. The result of the study shows that the mathematics subject needs to improve through teachers' experience and to improve the mathematics curriculum. Moreover, this results leads for the teachers to solve general issues of mathematics in the primary school, especially among grade one to grade three.

Abstract. This paper presents a new boundary integral equation method for the solution of Robin problems in bounded doubly connected regions. We show how to reformulate the Robin problems as a Riemann-Hilbert problem which leads to systems of integral equations. Related differential equations are also constructed that give rise to unique solutions. Numerical results on several test regions are presented to illustrate the solution technique for the Robin problems when the boundaries are sufficiently smooth.

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