Several mechanisms are developed by the microorganisms to tolerate few high concentrations of heavy metals. One of these mechanisms dependent upon anabolic and catabolic energy of microorganisms is the bioaccumulation of heavy metals. In present work, approximately four varieties of bacteria have been isolated from the ash dyke sample of four thermal power plants of Chhattisgarh, i.e., Bharat Aluminium Company (BALCO), Chhattisgarh State Electricity Board (CSEB), Korba, Thermal Power Cooperation (NTPC), Bilaspur and KSK Akaltara, Chattisgarh. Out of one hundred fifty isolates, three were capable to grow in varying concentration of heavy metals. The strains were tested for their tolerance against six different types of heavy metals dominant in the ash samples viz. Pb, Hg, Ni, Co, Cu, Mn. Their maximum resistance existed up to 0.6mM/ml of the above mentioned different metals under lab standard conditions. Three isolates are found suitable for the multiple metal resistance ability viz SM2, SM3, and SM12. These are categorized as Bacillus cereus (SM2, SM3), and Bacillus subtilis (SM12) after performing 16S rDNA sequencing.

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This study was conducted from February to may 2017 to determine the prevalence, risk factors and Biofilm formation of selected bacterial uropathogens among patients with urinary tract infection (UTI) cases in CIMS Hospital, Bilaspur. A hospital-based cross-sectional survey was conducted to assess the risk factors of UTI. In addition, laboratory based work was conducted to determine the prevalence and bacterial uropathogens using standard procedures. The isolates were identified based on their morphological and biochemical characteristics.Urinarytract infection (UTI) is the most commonly acquired bacterial infection. The purpose of this study was to detect biofilm form ation by uropathogenes isolated from UTIs. The isolated bacteria were tested for biofilm production by tube adherence (TA), congoredagar (CRA) methods. Out of 195 urine specimen, 60 urine samples (30.76%) are culture positive for uropathogen with significant colony count. These 60 uropathogen were processed in the present study for biofilm production, 36 (60%) were culture positive and remaining 29 (48.33%) were culture negative. E. coli was the predominant isolate 45/60 (75%) followed by Staphylococcus aureus 2/60 (3.33%), Klebsiella pneumonia 1/60(1.66%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 2\60(3.33%), Coagulase negative Staphylococci 2\60(3.33%), Enterococcus faecali 4\60(6.66%), Proteus spp 2\60(3.33), Streptococcus spp 1\60(1.66%), Acinetoobacterspp 2\60(2.33%). The antibiotic resistance was higheramong biofilm producers to commonly used antibiotics ascompared to nonbiofilm producers to its detection by congoredagar method. From this study, we have concluded that TM and CRA method is more qualitative and reliable method to detect biofilm producing microorganisms. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research World Journal of Pharmaceutical ResearchTM and CRA method is used as a general screening method for detection of biofilm producing bacteria in laboratories. Biofilm form at ion is the major virulence determinant of uropathogen, so it is necessary to screen all urinary isolates for biofilm production.

There are various toothpastes, which are used for brushing the teeth in different parts of the world. Several studies have been reported on the resistance and effectiveness of toothpastes on oral bacteria. This study was conducted to evaluate the resistance and effectiveness of various class of toothpastes on oral microflora. The present study was