As an emerging sequencing technology, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq) has become a powerful tool for describing cell subpopulation classification and cell heterogeneity by achieving high-throughput and multidimensional analysis of individual cells and circumventing the shortcomings of traditional sequencing for detecting the average transcript level of cell populations. It has been applied to life science and medicine research fields such as tracking dynamic cell differentiation, revealing sensitive effector cells, and key molecular events of diseases. This review focuses on the recent technological innovations in scRNA-Seq, highlighting the latest research results with scRNA-Seq as the core technology in frontier research areas such as embryology, histology, oncology, and immunology. In addition, this review outlines the prospects for its innovative application in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) research and discusses the key issues currently being addressed by scRNA-Seq and its great potential for exploring disease diagnostic targets and uncovering drug therapeutic targets in combination with multiomics technologies.

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Quantum precision measurement is based on the basic principles of quantum mechanics, using the interaction between light, atoms and magnetism to measure physical quantities, also known as precision measurements based on microscopic particle systems and their quantum states. As an important means of quantum precision measurement, interferometer precision measurement technology has great application value in quantum communication. The linear interferometer measures the magnitude of the physical quantity using the phase change obtained from the measurements, but measurement accuracy is limited, Unable to meet the requirements of today's scientific problems for the precision measurement of some physical quantities. On this basis, Nonlinear interferometer is able to take advantage of the quantum entangled state, that is, between the two light field of quantum correlation characteristics to realize quantum enhanced precision measurement, thus greatly improve the measurement sensitivity, Therefore, the scope of application is wider, but the preparation of quantum entangled states has many limitations in practical applications. With the maturity of experimental conditions and technology, how to use both of these interferometers to further improve the measurement accuracy of the phase signal, so as to break the limitation to shot noise, breaking the standard quantum limit and even approaching the Heisenberg limit has become a frontier topic of research. This paper describes several methods to improve the accuracy of parameter evaluation in the measurement process by using linear (Including an atomic / photon interferometer) and nonlinear interferometer to call quantum resources at different stages. High-precision measurement can be achieved by inputting non-classical states into the interferometer, such as compressed state, bi-fock state, NOON state, etc. And also introduced the weak measurement developed for the direct observation of quantum states and Application in non-Hermitian systems, as well as the multiparameter measurement proposed to eliminate the accuracy balance between parameters are introduced. Compared with the first two measurement methods, weak measurement is based on the weak value amplification principle of an indirect measurement, Measurements are performed virtually without perturbing the quantum system, will not lead to wave function collapse, the weak value of the real and virtual part has different physical significance, The combination of weak measurement theory and non-Hermitian systems also further improves the measurement sensitivity. Multi-parameter measurement uses quantum entanglement, quantum control and other quantum resources to make the measurement progress reach the Heisenberg limit, which is the current research hotspot in the field of precision measurement. Furthermore, we present a conjecture whether there will be multi-atomic mixing measurements based on atomic spin effects or ultra-high sensitivity measurement instruments with precision of fT or even aT using other particles detection. Finally, several measurement methods are analyzed and compared, and the development prospect of quantum precision measurement is forecasted.