Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins are large and diverse group of polypeptides which were first identified during seed dehydration and then in vegetative plant tissues during different stress responses. Now, gene family members of LEA proteins have been detected in various organisms. However, there is no report for this protein family in watermelon and melon until this study. A total of 73 genes from watermelon () and 61 genes from melon () were identified in this comprehensive study. They were classified into four and three distinct clusters in watermelon and melon, respectively. There was a correlation between gene structure and motif composition among each LEA groups. Segmental duplication played an important role for gene expansion in watermelon. Maximum gene ontology of genes was observed with poplar genes. For evaluation of tissue specific expression patterns of and genes, publicly available RNA-seq data were analyzed. The expression analysis of selected genes in root and leaf tissues of drought-stressed watermelon and melon were examined using qRT-PCR. Among them, --- genes were quickly induced after drought application. Therefore, they might be considered as early response genes for water limitation conditions in watermelon. In addition, -- genes were found to be up-regulated in both tissues of melon under drought stress. Our results can open up new frontiers about understanding of functions of these important family members under normal developmental stages and stress conditions by bioinformatics and transcriptomic approaches.

Objective: Postoperative pulmonary complications (POPC) account for a substantial proportion of risk related to surgery and anaesthesia. The American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification and the Assess Respiratory Risk in Surgical Patients in Catalonia (ARISCAT) risk index correlate well with POPC. Here, we compared their accuracy in predicting pulmonary complications following upper and lower abdominal surgery. Methods:We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients undergoing upper and lower abdominal surgery. We collected patients' demographic data, comorbidities, preoperative pulmonary risk score, laboratory results, surgical data, respiratory tract infection history within one month before surgery, surgical urgency, ASA scores and pulmonary complications within one month after the surgery. Results:We evaluated 241 patients [upper abdominal surgery (UAS) n=121; lower abdominal surgery (LAS) n=120; mean age 55.7±3.1 years]. In the UAS, 55.8% of the patients were male. In LAS, all patients were female. In both groups, the most common POPC was pleural effusion with compressive atelectasis (CA). Regarding risk score, in both groups, patients with high-risk developed a higher rate of pulmonary complications [UAS (50%), LAS (40%)]. In patients with low-risk scores, the rate of pulmonary complications was significantly lower than the intermediate and high-risk groups (p<0.001). A positive correlation was observed between preoperative risk score and complications (UAS r=0.34; LAS r=0.35 p<0.05). No association was observed between the ASA scores and POPC (p=0.8). Conclusion:The ASA classification was found to be a weaker modality than ARİSCAT risk index to predict pulmonary complications after the upper and lower abdominal surgeries.

Background: Radiation recall pneumonitis (RRP) occurs in a previously irradiated field and is triggered by certain cytotoxic drugs, principally chemotherapeutic agents such as erlotinib. Erlotinib is a reversible epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) and is an effective second-line treatment for patients with advanced-stage non-squamous-cell lung cancer. Previously, only 2 cases of radiation recall after erlotinib treatment have been reported. Here, we report a case of RRP caused by treatment with erlotinib 4 months after palliative definitive hypofractionated radiation therapy (RT). Patient and Methods: A 58-year-old male patient with non-small cell lung cancer (adenocarcinoma) was treated with polychemotherapy, palliative RT (30 Gy in 10 fractions), and erlotinib thereafter. Results: Dosimetric analysis obtained from a 3-dimensional conformal RT planning system revealed that the volume of lung receiving at least 20 Gy (V20) was 21.2% and the mean lung dose was 12.7 Gy. These data indicate that systemic administration of a TKI, even after palliative RT, may lead to unexpected toxicity when the radiation field encompasses visceral organs. Conclusion: We conclude that the use of a TKI after RT may trigger radiation pneumonitis. Although evidence is limited, we advise clinicians to be cautious of RRP after erlotinib treatment.

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OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate the antibody response and the side effects of the two-dose inactive SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (CoronaVac, Sinovac, China) among a health care worker population in Turkey. METHODS:This study was a prospective, cross-sectional, single-center study conducted between December 16, 2020, and March 15, 2021. We evaluated the side effects from a questionnaire, and anti-spike immunoglobulin G response to the vaccine (0-and 28-day schedule) using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.RESULTS: A total of 94 of 184 health care workers completed this study. The percentages of participants who were seronegative at baseline and achieved to the seropositivity were 21.3 and 97.9%, respectively, on day 21 after vaccinations. The seropositivity was predominantly detected in 31-45 years of the age group (55.4%, p=0.636), normal body mass index (47.8%, p=0.999), nonsmokers (64.1%, p=0.999), those without any comorbidities (73.9%, p=0.463), and those without any side effects (70.2%, p=0.256). The frequencies of overall side effects within seven days after the first and second doses of CoronaVac were 37.2 and 28.7%, respectively.The most common side effects was localized pain at the injection site (15.7 and 11.6%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS:We found that vaccination by two-dose CoronaVac could elicit a specific humoral response, and it was well tolerated in health care workers. The high seropositivity developed after the second dose attracted attention. Our study will be useful in terms of showing short-term immunity and side effects.