Although the current literature has widely explored the paraphernalia of renewable energy on environment, the literature overlooks the asymmetric association of renewable energy with the environment. To contribute this gap in the existing body of related literature, this study carry out the nonlinear impact of renewable energy consumption along with control variables like non-renewable energy, urbanization, and gross domestic product on CO2 emission in Pakistan. The study employs the nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag model (NARDL) from 1980 to 2018. The results reveal that renewable energy consumption mitigates the environmental degradation asymmetrically. While other variables non-renewable energy consumption, gross domestic product and urbanization positively associated with Co2 emissions. The study gives some guidance for policymakers of Pakistan that should formulate policies and regulations to promote renewable energy usage which mitigates environmental degradation.

Due to injured kidneys, CKD is defined as a glomerular filtration rate of less than 60ml/min/1.73m2 for more than 3 months. The lethal stage of chronic CKDs is the last stage of renal disease, and its frequency has increased over the previous 30 years. Pruritus caused by chronic renal disease is an unpleasant illness that causes itching and reduces sleep quality. The goal of this study is to look at the characteristics of pruritus in people with CKD and how they relate with sleep quality among patients on maintenance hemodialysis. Place and Duration: In the department of Medicine & Nephrology of Lahore General Hospital and Islamic International Medical College Trust Railway General Hospital, Rawalpindi for six-months duration from April 2021 to September 2021. Methods: 60 chronic renal disease patients were gathered from the nephrology department. Inclusion criteria included all patients with CKD who had pruritus and had sleep disturbance, while exclusion criteria included all patients who had rashes and pruritus that were not caused by CKD and were caused by other disorders. Age, gender, sleep pattern, disease severity, poor sleep quality, & pruritus location were all investigated by all patients. Results: CKD-associated Pruritus was distributed as follows: 75 percent of all patients were 45 years old or older, whereas 25 percent were 45 years old or younger. Pruritus interfered with sleep in 41.7% of patients, but not in 58.3%, and 30.1 percent of patients were girls and 73.9 percent were men. About 55% of people with pruritus are severely affected, whereas 45% are not. The trunk accounts for 60% of pruritic patients, whereas the rest of the body accounts for 40%. There was a strong link between the degree of pruritus and gender, the afflicted region, and sleep. Conclusion: Pruritus, often known as "uremic pruritus," is the most common skin complaint in people with ESRD. Due to the lack of a clear relationship with uremia, a substantial association occurs in males over the age of 45, disrupts sleep, and predominates in the trunk area. Keywords: Pruritus, Chronic renal disease, Characteristics, Association variables

This study analyzes the effect of gross domestic product, inflation, and natural resource rent on foreign direct investment in the Netherland. Our analysis employs the Autoregressive distributed lag model from 1980 to 2018. The empirical results show that gross domestic product and natural resource rent positively affected foreign direct investment while inflation negatively affected both the short and long run. This study recommends that government officials and policymakers formulate policies to promote foreign direct investment for the development of the economy of the Netherland.  

The aim of study has to investigate behavior of tourism under the threat of CO2 release in case of China. The research work employed Secondary time-series-data over the time duration 1996-2019. The research work used tourism arrivals as dependent and CO2 emission, GDP growth Rate, tourism expenditure and trade are used as independent variables. The study also applied OLS is applies for the findings. The results of OLS indicate that, positive impact of CO2 emission on tourism arrivals in China. It means that, tourism increase with the increase in CO2 emission. While other variables, like GDPGR, tourism expenditure, and trade are positively increasing the Tourism.  

The primary goal of this study is to inspect the Government Expenditure consequence on the Pakistan’s economy growth. For this intention study used data of annual time series from 1980 to 2020. The research-work utilized ADF Unit-Root Test that verify stationary data. And applied (OLS) technique to estimation the connection among the GDP and Govt Expenditure, Inflation, and GDP per capita. The estimation of the OLS method shows there is a positive and significant impact of Govt expenditure and GDP per capita on GDP. While; Inflation has a significantly negative influence on GDP of the country. This study propose that Fiscal Policy Expansionary can be utilized by the Govt to motivate the economic situation during the time of downturn.