Over the past few years an extensive amount of information has accumulated about the molecular structure and function of the higher plant tonoplast H+ATPase (for a recent review, see Ref. 19 Together with the higher plant and fungal enzymes the H+ATPases on animal lysosomal membranes (23) and secretory granule membranes (8) are now believed to belong to a special group of H+ATPases distinct from plasma membrane and mi-
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