Verfahren zur Herstellung hochkonzentrierter Carbon Nanotube (CNT)-Dispersion wurden evaluiert und entwickelt, wobei der Einfluss der Dispergierhilfsmittel variiert wurde. Als Dispergierhilfsmittel zeigten besonders Polyvinylpyrrolidon, Ligninsulfonsäure und Polystyrolsulfonsäure sehr gute Dispergierwirkung. Die Leitfähigkeit sowie auch die Viskosität werden sehr stark von den Dispergierhilfsmitteln beeinflusst. Die Dispersionen können durch Formulierhilfsmittel zu Siebdruck-und Inkjet-Tinten formuliert werden und zeigen in der Anwendung eine sehr gute Performance. Schlagwörter: Dispersionen, Kolloide, NanopartikelnEingegangen: 25.Procedures for the production of highly concentrated carbon nanotube (CNT) dispersions were evaluated and developed.In this context, the effect of the dispersion agent was determined. Polyvinyl pyrrolidone, lignin sulfonic acid and polystyrene sulfonic acid have shown the best dispersion properties. The dispersion agents strongly influence the conductivity as well as the viscosity. The dispersions can be used as base systems for formulating screen printing pastes or inkjet printing inks showing very good performance in industrial applications.Abbildung 2. Leitfähigkeit und Dispergiergrad (illustriert mit Mikroskopaufnahmen der flüssigen Phase) für eine Versuchsreihe mit 5 % CNT, 4 % PVP; 0,5 mg CNT auf 1 cm × 1 cm.
Electric discharges due to the flow of charged organic liquids are a common ignition source for explosions in the chemical and process industry. Prevention of incidents requires knowledge of electric fields above the surface of charged liquids. Quantitative methods often estimate electric fields based on simplifying assumptions like homogeneous volumetric charge distribution and neglect of surface charge. More detailed electrohydrodynamic (EHD) models are only available for laminar flow regimes. This work presents a model for forced turbulent EHD flows of dielectric liquids based on Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations that predicts the electric field in the gas phase in good agreement with our experiments. We observe diminishing surface charge accumulation at the liquid surface with increasing flow velocities and thereby unify seemingly contradictory previous findings regarding the relevance of surface charge. The model can efficiently be applied to various industrial flow configurations and provide a central tool in preventing electrostatic hazards.
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