ResumoIntrodução: Variações no desenvolvimento dentário podem implicar em alterações no número de dentes, como, por exemplo, a hiperdontia, que é caracterizada pela formação de dentes em excesso, que são chamados de supranumerários. Sua ocorrência está frequentemente associada a patologias e interferências na erupção dos dentes permanentes, que podem comprometer a estética e a oclusão. Portanto, é importante descrever seu perfil epidemiológico. Objetivo: Este estudo objetivou analisar dados epidemiológicos, em prontuários, avaliando a prevalência dos dentes supranumerários. Material e método: A amostra constituiu-se de 1511 prontuários de pacientes atendidos no Hospital Universitário da Universidade Federal do Piauí, entre janeiro de 2006 e janeiro de 2011, observando-se a prevalência dos dentes supranumerários segundo número de pacientes, gênero, faixa etária, cor da pele, localização, posição no arco dentário, tipo e tratamento. Resultado: A prevalência dos dentes supranumerários foi de 1,99%, ocorrendo em pacientes de cor parda (78,57%), com dentição permanente (86,96%), do gênero masculino (53,33%), localizados em região posterior de maxila (35%) e mandíbula (35%), e do tipo paramolar (38,10%). A maioria das cirurgias foi realizada por indicação ortodôntica (62,96% dos casos). Conclusão: De acordo com os resultados, a presença de dentes supranumerários foi um achado incomum com predominância pela maxila, sendo o tipo paramolar o mais frequente. Todos os casos foram tratados por remoção cirúrgica, sendo a maioria por indicação ortodôntica.Descritores: Dente supranumerário; prevalência; epidemiologia. AbstractIntroduction: Variations in tooth development may result in changes in the number of teeth, for example, hyperdontia, which is characterized by the formation of teeth in excess, that is called supernumerary. Its occurrence is frequently associated to pathologies and interferences in the eruption of permanent teeth which can implicate the esthetics and occlusion. So, it is important to describe its epidemiological profile. Objective: This study aimed to analyze epidemiological data in medical records, assessing the prevalence of supernumerary teeth. Material and method: The sample consisted in 1511 records of patients treated at the Hospital of Federal University of Piauí, between January 2006 and January 2011, noting the prevalence of supernumerary teeth in number of patients, gender, age, ethnicity, location, position in the dental arch, type and treatment. Result: The prevalence of supernumerary teeth was 1.99%, occurring in patients of mixed ethnicity (78.57%), with permanent dentition (86,96%), male (53.33%), located in the posterior maxilla (35%) and mandible (35%), and the paramolar type (38,10%). The majority of the surgeries were performed by indication orthodontic (62.96% of cases). Conclusion: According to the results, the presence of supernumerary teeth was an uncommon finding with predominance for the maxilla and the paramolar type the most common. All patients were treated by surgical removal...
The studies about bone resorption contributed greatly to the advancement of rehabilitation with dental implants and Buccomaxillo facial Surgery and Traumatology. This phenomenon leads to a more superficial localization of the mandibular canal in relation to the alveolar ridge when teeth are lost, limiting and hindering the installation Bone tissue, of implants, as well as other surgical procedures. This anatomical study aimed to analyze and interpret the distances from the mandibular canal to the alveolar ridge, in groups of dentate individuals and toothless, comparing them statistically, so 20 adult male cadavers divided into two groups, namely group A, formed by 10 dentate and group B, consisting of 10 toothless individuals. All their teeth were dissected and then, were checked the measurements of the distances between the roof of the mandibular canal and the alveolar ridge. The averages found were enlightening to say that bone resorption has consequences for treatment and surgery for dental implants, due to the decreasing bone support for the implantation and other surgical procedures, increasing the risk of injury to the inferior alveolar neurovascular bundle.
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