Objective: To investigate symptoms and functional impairment in women with secondary lymphoedema of the breast following surgical treatment and to assess the therapeutic benefit of treatment with low-intensity and extremely lowfrequency electrostatic fields (Deep Oscillation ® ), supplementing manual lymphatic drainage. Methods: Twenty-one patients were randomized either to the treatment group (n = 11): 12 sessions of manual lymphatic drainage supplemented by Deep Oscillation ® , or to the control group (n = 10): manual lymphatic drainage alone. Assessment included subjective pain and swelling evaluation, range of motion of the shoulder and the cervical spine, and analysis of breast volume using a 3D measuring system. Results: Patients had high pain and swelling scores at baseline. Shoulder mobility was impaired in all patients; restriction of cervical spine mobility was common at baseline and declined further in the control group. Deep Oscillation ® resulted in significant pain reduction in the treatment group. The subjective reported reduction of swelling in both groups was confirmed objectively by 3D measurement only in the treatment group. Conclusion: Additional Deep Oscillation® supplementary to manual lymphatic drainage can significantly enhance pain alleviation and swelling reduction in patients with secondary breast lymphoedema compared with manual lymphatic drainage alone.

Four weeks of both intensive group physical therapy or individual biofeedback training followed by an unsupervised home exercise program for 2 mo are effective therapies for female urinary stress incontinence and result in a significantly reduced nocturnal urinary frequency and improved subjective outcome. Only group physical therapy resulted in reduced daytime urinary frequency. BF therapy resulted in a better subjective outcome and higher contraction pressures of the pelvic floor muscles.

Our aim was to evaluate the effect of deep oscillation and biofeedback on Raynaud's phenomenon (RP) secondary to systemic sclerosis (SSc). A prospective randomized study was performed in SSc patients receiving either deep oscillation (n = 10) or biofeedback (n = 8) thrice a week for 4 weeks, or patients were randomized into the waiting group untreated for vasculopathy (n = 10) in time of running the study interventions. Biofeedback resulted in an improvement of RP as determined by score reduction of visual analogue scale compared with patients of the control group (P < 0.05), whereas deep oscillation revealed a tendency for improvement (P = 0.055). The study underlines the beneficial role of physiotherapy for the treatment of SSc-related RP.