Personality disorders (PD) are a prevalent class of mental disorders that interfere with functioning and cause subjective distress while increasing the intensity and duration of Axis I clinical syndromes, and therefore assessing PD is important even when PDs are not the focus of treatment. The purpose of these studies was to develop and test a new Spanish version of a self-report measure of PD, the Wisconsin Personality Inventory-IV (WISPI-IV) that would be psychometrically equivalent to the English version while also maintaining the same interpersonal content, which is based on Benjamin's analysis of the PD criteria using her Structural Analysis of Social Behavior (SASB) model (1974). Study 1 participants completed the WISPI-IV twice over a two-week interval. For Study 2, participants from two sites in Spain and one site in Argentina completed Spanish versions of the WISPI-IV and other personality measures. SASB-analysis of the translated items showed high correspondence between the interpersonal content of the English version and the Spanish version demonstrating theoretical validation in relation to other PD measures. The Spanish WISPI-IV showed satisfactory reliability based on test-retest correlations and alphas for internal consistency. Study 2 showed the Spanish WISPI-IV had good convergent validity with the Spanish versions of the IIP and SCID-II and performed similarly to the English versions of these measures. Our goal in translating the WISPI-IV was to extend this measure to Spanish-speakers in language that would be understood by different Hispanic sub-groups, however research team members and subjects had a variety of suggestions for changes in item wording. This reflects the difficulty with creating a "neutral" Spanish version of any assessment given regional differences.
Se presenta en este articulo un recorrido conceptual sobre las diferentes formas de pensar la temporalidad y lo traumático donde es posible percibir que la capacidad de encontrar evidencias de la ligadura indisoluble sujeto-trauma-tiempo es claramente un emergente central de la identidad y el quehacer psicoanalíticos. En ese sentido, la consideración de una temporalidad singular representa uno de sus actos más persistentes de rebeldía frente a la voracidad de Cronos. A partir de la conceptualización de los procesos inconscientes, Freud desmonta la certeza de la causalidad y la explicación asestando una marca indeleble a esta pretensión. La potencialidad de nuevas representaciones y condiciones de inscripción de vivencias -y, por lo tanto, nuevos trayectos subjetivos-, donde el analista actúa creando un pasado/futuro para un sujeto que aún no existe, implica afirmar no solo que el tiempo subjetivo no se puede mensurar, sino que se puede re-crear en análisis, en la transferencia.
La obra del arquitecto Luis Barragán, nos emociona y nos suspende en el tiempo. Las formas que él acu ña, fruto de su sensibilidad y su espiritualidad, su opinión con respecto a la Arquitectura, su recolección de formas de otras culturas, lo dotan de un léxico formal que en una mística síntesis, nos posiciona ante su arquitectura en el lugar exacto que nos quiere poner.
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