RESUMENEl objetivo de este estudio fue establecer el patrón espacio-temporal de la malaria en Matina y relacionarlo con factores ambientales. Se utilizaron tecnologías espaciales para capturar, almacenar, analizar y visualizar información relacionada con localidades y viviendas. Los atributos no espaciales fueron analizados usando pruebas paramétricas y no paramétricas. Los datos fueron obtenidos de las bases de datos de casos clínicos del Área Rectora del Ministerio de Salud en Matina. Se presentan los descriptores puntuales de las localidades positivas para los años 2005 y 2006 y en los grupos de viviendas positivo y negativo en la localidad piloto. Se propone una clasificación de áreas macroambientales en el cantón y se relaciona con la distribución de la

Vector-borne diseases, such as those transmitted by Aedes aegypti, are a constant threat to inhabitants of tropical regions of the planet. Synthetic chemicals are commonly used as a strategy to control them; however, these products are known to persist in ecosystems and drive the appearance of resistance genes in arthropod vectors. Thus, the use of natural products has emerged as an environmentally friendly alternative in integrated vector control strategies. The present bioguided study investigated the larvicidal potential of Ipomoea cairica extracts, fractionated using thin-layer and open-column chromatography, because this species has been shown to exert larvicidal effects on the genus Aedes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the nonvolatile components in ethanolic extract of I. cairica stems as a potential natural larvicidal, and coumarins, such as 7-hydroxy-6-methoxychromen-2-one (scopoletin) and 7-hydroxychromen-2-one (umbelliferone), were identified as major compounds; however, they were not shown to be responsible for the larvicidal activity. Based on the results of the larvicidal action tests, these coumarins are not directly responsible for the larvicidal activity, but this activity might be attributed to a synergistic effect of all the compounds present in the most active secondary fraction, called F.DCM, which had an LC50 value of 30.608 mg/L. This type of study has yet not been conducted in the region; therefore, it is an important contribution to recognizing a natural and easy-to-cultivate source of vector control, such I. cairica.

[Objective] The objective of this study was to determine the larvicidal activity against A. aegypti of ethanolic extracts of plants commonly found in Costa Rica. [Methodology] Larvicidal activity of ethanolic extracts of plants was determined in this study using the WHO/VBC/81.807: WHO/VBC/81. from 1981. An analysis PROBID for dose response was conducted to determine LC50 of the most prominent extracts. [Results] A total of six extracts with the highest toxicity were chosen, with the stem extract of Ipomoea cairica having the lowest LC50 of 0.0341 mg/mL, followed by I. cairica leaf extract with an LC50 of 0.121 mg/mL. The larvicidal activity of ethanolic extracts of plants was determined in this study, with an emphasis on the larvicidal potential of I. cairica as an environmentally friendly alternative for the control of A. aegypti. [Conclusions] The larvicidal activity for ethanolic extracts of different plants, with an emphasis on the larvicidal potential of I. cairica as an environmentally friendly alternative for the control of A. aegypti.