To study ground-glass opacities (GGO) not only from the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia" perspective but also as a radiological presentation of other pathologies with comparable features. Methods We enrolled 33 patients admitted to Policlinico Universitario G. B. Rossi who underwent noncontrast-enhanced (NCE) or contrast-enhanced (CE) chest computed tomography (CT) between March 12 and April 12. All patients with CT-detected ground-glass opacity (GGO) were included. All patients resulted as COVID-19 negative at the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay. We studied the different pathologies underlying GGO features: neoplastic diseases and non-neoplastic diseases (viral pneumonias, interstitial pneumonias, and cardiopulmonary diseases) in order to avoid pitfalls and to reach the correct diagnosis. Results All CT scans detected GGOs. Symptomatic patients were 25/33 (75.7%). At the clinical presentation, they reported fever and dry cough; in six out of 25 cases, dyspnea was also reported (24%). Thirty-three (33; 100%) showed GGO at CT: 15/33 (45.45%) presented pure GGO, and 18/33 (54.54%) showed GGO with consolidation. The RT-PCR assay was negative in 100%. We investigated other potential underlying diseases to explain imaging features: neoplastic causes (8/33, 24.24%) and non-neoplastic causes, in particular, infectious pneumonias (16/33, 48,48 %, viral and fungal), interstitial pneumonias (4/33, 12,12%), and cardio-pulmonary disease (5/33, 15,15%).
The most important mission of subnational governments in terms of disaster risk management is to plan and create structures and processes necessary for the construction of governance, stimulating communication among all the actors involved to strengthen the bonds of trust and the assumption of common responsibilities and individuals, and for a more efficient use of resources. On one hand, this raises important demands in terms of organizational redesign, counting on decision, communication and flexible relations processes that allow the articulation of people and resources within the organization and outside of it, in order to establish the different functions and results to be achieved through collaborative work, based on the objectives of disaster risk management. On the other hand, it requires a review of planning processes, with the participation of actors from all areas and levels, indispensable in the design and implementation, monitoring and evaluation of such planning. In this paper we analyze the ways in which the government of the province of Córdoba (Argentina) designs its organizational structure and raises its disaster risk management planning processes in a participatory manner, in order to guarantee joint work between government, civil society, private sector and at-risk populations.
La gestión del riesgo de desastres (GRD) ha comenzado a tratarse en las agendas gubernamentales como un proceso que conduce al planeamiento y aplicación de políticas, estrategias, instrumentos y medidas que debe ser asumido por todos los sectores de la sociedad. Este enfoque supone un desafío para los gobiernos, quienes se ven interpelados por la necesidad de dar respuestas a situaciones de crisis generadas por fenómenos naturales o antrópicos, a través de la participación social y el trabajo colaborativo. En estas agendas se aborda especialmente la necesidad de que los gobiernos locales se transformen en actores clave para generar soluciones. El artículo tiene por objetivo analizar la incorporación de normas, reglas y discursos internacionales sobre la GRD en las políticas y prácticas de los gobiernos locales de la provincia de Córdoba (Argentina). Para ello se diseñó una matriz colaborativamente entre el ámbito académico y funcionarios de gobiernos locales. La hipótesis es que los gobiernos locales incorporan cambios a nivel discursivo y en componentes organizacionales más rápidamente que en la implementación de proyectos específicos. Además, se adoptan primero en procesos de toma de decisiones centralizados en los gobiernos locales, para luego incorporar procesos participativos que conduzcan a un enfoque de gobernanza.
El rol del gobierno frente a la gestión del riesgo de desastres ha cambiado a lo largo del tiempo: de ser el único responsable y actuar en modo reactivo, actualmente se promueve la cogestión con otros actores a distinto nivel y entre distintos sectores, articulados a través de mecanismos de gobernanza que permitan abordar integralmente temas complejos y que brinden al mismo tiempo mayor capacidad institucional. Recientemente en Argentina se ha sancionado una nueva ley que da origen al Sistema Nacional para la Gestión Integral del Riesgo y la Protección Civil. En este nuevo contexto institucional, el objetivo de este artículo es analizar el marco normativo argentino frente a la gestión integral del riesgo, poniendo en evidencia sus alcances, limitaciones y desafíos a la luz del enfoque de gobernanza y de las directivas internacionales en materia de reducción del riesgo de desastres.
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