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Background: Hypertension is the most common and major cardiovascular disease. There is an urgent need for treament of hypertension by exploration of several medicinal plants having potent anti hypertensive activity as the modern medicines are having many side effects. Objective: The study focus on scientific evaluation of antihypertensive activity of ethanolic extract of Lantana camara leaves (EELC) in different experimental models. Material & methods: Antihypertensive activity was conducted on wister albino rats by determining serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), creatinine and Sodium levels by using Semi Autoanalyser and Flame photometer; chick mean arterial blood pressure by using condon's mercury manometer and isolated frog heart for recording cardic responses using student kymograph. Results: EELC produced negative inotropic and negative chronotropic effect, antagonised by atropine on isolated frog heart. EELC shows dose dependent (p<0.05) decreased mean arterial blood pres¬sure (MABP) in anaesthetic chick. Salt treated rats displayed significant (p<0.05) increase in blood level of SGOT, SGPT, Creatinine and sodium, de¬crease in pottassim levels in comparision with normal rats. Treatment with EELC (200 and 400 mg/kg) significantly balanced the ionic levels such as lower the sodium and elevate the potassium levels. Creatinine levels were signifi-cantly (p<0.05) reduced by the treatment with EELC. There are no significant changes occurred in serum SGOT and SGPT upon EELC administration. The present study suggests that treatment of salt hypertensive rats with EELC protects against renal injuries. Conclusion: It was concluded that ethanolic extract of Lantana camara leaves reduces work load of heart, maintain inotonic levels by negative chronotropic effect, relaxes the smooth muscles in chick and salt hypertensive rats against renal and vascular injuries is proved.Key words: EELC (Ethanolic extract of Lantana camara leaves), Wistar albino rats, Hypertension, Mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) and Normotensive rats (NTR). SUMMARY• Lantana camara is belongs to family verbenaceae, biologically Lantana camara linn.• EELC exhibited biphasic response, initially negative ionotropic and negative chronotropic effect followed by sharp positive ionotropic effect, the early response, such as negative inotropic and chronotropic effect.• EELC exhibited a dose dependent decrease in the mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) of anaesthetized chick.• EELC 400 mg/kg significantly maintain ionic level ( increased the potassium levels and decrease Sodium levels) on salt induced hypertensive rats. • In the salt hypertensive rats, the kidney exhibited pathological abnormalities such as cortical degeneration, tubular degeneration, hydrophilic swelling and necrotic changes were observed. In the control, standard and plant extract treated rats, the kidney exhibited a normal architecture. PICTORIAL ABSTRACTAbbreviations used: EELC: Ethanolic extract of Lantana camara leaves, M...

Background: Aerva lanata is an interesting plant used in traditional medicine for many years and used for the treatment of bladder and kidney stones. Objective: The aim was to study detailed pharmacognostic profi le of an important medicinal plant in the Indian system of medicine, A. lanata (amaranthaceae). Materials and Methods: Flower samples of A. lanata were studied by macroscopical, microscopical characters. Physicochemical, phytochemical, and fl uorescence analysis of powder of the plant was performed according to the methods of standardization recommended by World Health Organization. Results: Macroscopically fl owers are small, actinomorphic, and solitary or aggregated in cymes. Microscopically ovary was found to be bicarpellary, syncarpous, unilocular, superior; ovules one to many and campylotropous type. Powder microscopy of fl ower revealed the presence of epidermis with stomata and covering trichomes, calcium oxalate crystals, starch grains, and oil globules. The investigations also included fl uorescence analysis. Physiochemical parameters such as total ash, acid insoluble ash sulfated ash and water soluble ash; moisture content values were found to be 12.66%, 1.64%, 9.12%, 4.52%, 12%, respectively. Preliminary phytochemical screening showed the presence of carbohydrates, triterpenoids, fl avonoids, glycosides, and phenolic compounds. Conclusion: The results of the present study can serve as a valuable source of information and provide suitable standards for identifi cation of this plant material in future investigations and applications.

El objetivo de este trabajo es el análisis de los mucílagos de hojas de las cuatro especies del género Chorisia H.B.K. que crecen en el país: Ch. insignis H.B.K., Ch. pubiflora (St.Hil) Dawson, Ch. speciosa St.Hil y Ch. crispiflora H.B.K. El estudio de las características físicas y químicas de los mismos, independientemente del aporte al conocimiento fitoquímico de especies de nuestra Flora, brinda la información básica ne cesaria para decidir su posible aprovechamiento industrial. Por otra parte existe la pretensión de utilizar los datos provistos por el análisis de estos mucílagos con fines quimiotaxonómicos , tanto a nivel genérico como específico.

The Mentha genus includes several species such as Mentha rotundifolia L., which is widely distributed around the Mediterranean basin, America and in western Asia.  The plant is recommended in folk medicine for the treatment of various diseases. It has also been used to discover biomolecules that have significant beneficial effects with fewer side effects. Mentha rotundifolia (L) leaves are potential as an antihypertensive cause of terpenes which contain in them. 36 different terpenes and terpenoids have been identified and selected from this plant.  This study evaluated the mechanism of phytoconstituents from the above plant in the inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme-related carboxypeptidase (ACE2) with molecular docking. Selected ligands were docked on the receptor (PDB ID: 1R4L) using Auto Dock Vina and analysed by PyMol. 2D and 3D structures of compounds were drawn by the Chem Draw program. The standard drug that has been taken for the study, lisinopril, has shown a binding affinity of -7.8 Kcal/mol. Calacorene, one of the terpenes present in the plant, has interacted with Phe274, Asp367, Glu406, Thr445, Thr371 residues of protein and produced a docking score similar to that of the standard drug Lisinopril. In the light of the results obtained, the plant studied is promising as a source of natural hypotensive agent that can be further developed as a lead molecule.