Background Scientists across the world are working on innovating a successful vaccine that will save lives and end COVID-19 pandemic. World Health Organization (WHO) is working to make sure COVID-19 vaccines can be safely delivered to all those who need them. Indeed, the successful deployment and a sufficient uptake of vaccines is equally important. Acceptance and accessibility of such vaccine is a key indicator of vaccination coverage. Objective This study aimed to assess the determinants of intention to receive COVID-19 vaccine among school teachers in Gondar City. Methods An institution based cross-sectional study was conducted from December, 2020 to January, 2021. A total of 301 school teachers selected using stratified simple random sampling were included. Descriptive analysis such as medians, means, proportions, standard deviations and frequencies were computed. Linear regression analysis was done to identify factors associated with intention to receive COVID-19 vaccine. A p-value of less than 0.05 was used to declare statistical significance. Results The median intention to receive COVID-19 vaccine was 3.33 with interquartile range of 2.67–4.0. Of the participants 54.8% had scored above the median of intention to receive COVID-19 vaccine score. 54% variance in intention to receive COVID-19 vaccine was explained by the independent variables. Being affiliated with other category of religion, bachelor degree educational status, perceived susceptibility, perceived benefit, perceived barrier, and cues to action were significantly associated with the intention to receive COVID-19 vaccine. Conclusion The median score of intention to receive COVID-19 vaccine was 3.33. Socio-demographic and health beliefs influenced the intention to receive the COVID-19 vaccine in the study participant. Policy makers and stakeholders should focus on strong health promotion about risks of the pandemic, benefit, safety, and efficacy of vaccination.

Introduction all women, including those living with HIV, have the right to choose the timing, spacing, and number of their births and need access to family planning services. This study aimed at assessing the prevalence and factors associated with an unmet need for family planning among women receiving Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) services. Methods a facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March to April 2018 in Gondar city, Ethiopia. A systematic random sampling technique was used to recruit 441 reproductive-age women on ART. The data were collected using a pretested structured questionnaire. The bivariate and backward multivariable logistic regression model was fitted to identify factors associated with the unmet need for family planning. Results the prevalence of the unmet need for family planning among women living with HIV was 24.5%. Increase in women´s age (AOR: 0.90, 95% CI (0.85, 0.95)), having more than three children (AOR: 0.13, 95% CI (0.04, 0.38)), intention to have more children (AOR: 0.09, 95% CI (0.03, 0.23)), not disclosing sero-status to partner (AOR: 0.40, 95% CI (0.20, 0.82)) and having no experience of contraception use (AOR: 0.43, 95% CI (0.21, 0.90)) were protective factors against unmet need for family planning. Rural residence (AOR: 2.17, 95% CI (1.05, 4.46)) was associated with increased odds of unmet need for family planning. Conclusion one in every four women living with HIV had an unmet need for family planning. So, continuous awareness-raising activities on family planning for women on ART should be given by emphasizing the rural and younger age women.

Background Oral conditions remain a substantial population health challenge worldwide. Poor oral health affects the quality of life as a result of pain or discomfort, tooth loss, impaired oral functioning, disfigurement, missing school time, loss of work hours, and sometimes even death. This study assessed the magnitude of Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) and oral hygiene status and associated factors among special needs school students in the Amhara region. Methods An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2020 to April 2021 in the Amhara Region, Ethiopia. A total of 443 randomly selected special needs students were included. A structured pretested interview-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Bivariable and multivariable ordinal logistic regression models were fitted to identify the factors associated with oral hygiene status. The statistical significance of differences in mean OHIP-14 scores was assessed using the Kruskal-Wallis equality-of-populations rank and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests. Variables with a p-value less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results Almost half 46.6% (95% CI: 42.1%, 51.4%) of the study participant had poor oral hygiene status. The median OHIP-14 score was 16 with an interquartile range from 14 to 20. The highest score was for functional limitation (mean: 1.45 (SD ± 0.70)) and the lowest score was for psychological disability (mean: 1.08 (SD ± 0.45)). Mother education, frequency of taking sugared foods, and the types of disabilities were significant predictors of the poor oral hygiene status of special needs students in the Amhara region. The students living in Dessie had higher OHIP-14 scores compared to those living in other places (Gondar, Bahir Dar, and Debre Markos). The students who never brush their teeth had lower OHIP-14 scores than those who brush sometime and once a day. Whereas, students affiliated with the orthodox religion had lower OHIP-14 scores compared to those affiliated with all other religions (Catholic, Muslim, and Protestant). Conclusion A substantial amount of students with a disability had poor oral hygiene. The OHIP-14 scores indicated poor oral health-related quality of life. The study found that maternal education, frequency of taking sugared foods, and the types of disabilities were statistically significant factors associated with oral hygiene status.

ObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate oral hygiene behaviour and its determinants among preparatory school students in Gondar city, Northwest Ethiopia.MethodsInstitutional‐based cross‐sectional study was conducted among 423 students to evaluate their oral hygiene behaviour and determinant factors (sociodemographic attributes, oral hygiene knowledge, and attitude to oral hygiene behaviours). Linear regression was employed to identify factors associated with oral hygiene behaviour. A p‐value of <0.05 and a 95% confidence interval were used to declare statistical significance.ResultsA total of 407 students participated with a response rate of 96.2%. The mean age of the participants was 18 (SD ±1.3). The mean oral hygiene behaviour (OHB) score was about 7.89 ± 3.43. Only 9.2%, 21.4%, and 5.7% were brushing their teeth at least twice a day, cleaning their tongue, and flossing at least once a day respectively. Father's educational status (able to read and write (β = 1.99, 95% CI: 0.62, 3.38), completed secondary school (β = 1.68, 95% CI: 0.18, 3.18), and diploma and higher (β = 1.75, 95% CI: 0.33, 3.18)), being from private school (β = 3.25, 95%CI: 2.30, 4.19), knowledge about OHB (β = 0.16, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.30), and attitude towards OHB (β = 0.11, 95% CI: 0.08, 0.14) were significant factors positively associated with better oral hygiene behaviour.ConclusionOral hygiene behaviour was poor among preparatory school students in Gondar city. Father's educational status, students' oral hygiene knowledge, and attitude were found to be significant factors affecting students' oral hygiene behaviour. Thus, tailored school‐based oral health communication programs are highly required to improve students' oral hygiene behaviour.

Introduction Bipolar disorder is a severe and chronic mental illness that could continue for a lifetime. Although it is a leading cause of disability and impairments for significant numbers of patients, the levels of functional outcomes have not been studied in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the functional outcome levels and associated factors among bipolar disorder patients in Northwest Ethiopia. Method Hospital-based cross-sectional study was employed among bipolar disorder patients attending psychiatric clinics, in Northwest Ethiopia, from April to June 2021. Systematic random sampling was used to get respondents. Descriptive and inferential statistics were done. Data were entered into EpiData version 4.6.02 and exported to SPSS Version 22 for analysis. Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify the factors associated with functional outcome levels, and p value < 0.05 was considered significant with 95% CI. Result Of the total 423 study participants approached, only 411 completed the questionnaire, with a response rate of 97.2%. The median (IQR) level of functional outcome was 6 (0–22) and 40% of the study subjects were impaired. Leisure time was the most normal functioning domain (92.2%), whereas cognitive (43.5%) and occupational (41.6%) domains were the most impaired domains. Unemployment (AOR (95%CI) = 3.9 (1.46–10.49), obesity (AOR (95% CI) = 6.5 (1.22–34.58), depressed and manic mood phases (AOR (95%CI) = 5.2 (2.84–9.35) and (AOR (95%CI) = 7.8 (3.31–18.34) respectively, medication non-adherence (AOR (95% CI) = 3.2 (1.71–6.05), and relapsed once or ≥ twice (AOR (95%CI) = 2.2 (1.25–3.98) and (AOR (95%CI) = 8.3 (2.73–25.30), respectively, were some of the important predictor variables that were significantly associated to the functional impairments levels. Conclusion The median of functional outcomes levels was found in an acceptable range; however, significant numbers of bipolar patients were functionally impaired. Moreover, patients still need unrestricted interventions in the cognitive and occupational functional domains. Socio-demographic, clinical, medication, and psychosocial variables were significantly associated with functional outcomes. Bipolar patients need to be followed and managed to improve their functional outcome and all stakeholders should be involved to achieve the recommended levels.