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In this article we present the wo rk done to study the potential benefits to end users and network operators and the feasibility of deploying a Less than Best Effort (LBE) service on a wide area scale. LBE is a Per-Domain Behaviour based on the Differentiated Services Quality of Service architecture. We present a brief overview of the evolution of the case for LBE, through the IETF DiffServ WG and the Internet2 QBone project, and then describe some proposed scenarios for LBE deployment in European research networks and GÉANT, the research b ackbone providing interconnectivity to the European National Research and Educational Networks (NRENs). The experimental results presented demonstrate the viability and importance of Quality of Service to meet a large set of network providers and users' requirements even in presence of communication infrastructures characterized by very high-speed connections

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