Tinnitus is defined by an auditory perception in the absence of an external source of sound. This condition provides the distinctive possibility of extracting neural coding of perceptual representation. Previously, we had established that tinnitus is characterized by enhanced magnetic slow-wave activity (ϳ4 Hz) in perisylvian or putatively auditory regions. Because of works linking high-frequency oscillations to conscious sensory perception and positive symptoms in a variety of disorders, we examined gamma band activity during brief periods of marked enhancement of slow-wave activity. These periods were extracted from 5 min of resting spontaneous magnetoencephalography activity in 26 tinnitus and 21 control subjects. Results revealed the following, particularly within a frequency range of 50 -60 Hz: (1) Both groups showed significant increases in gamma band activity after onset of slow waves. (2) Gamma is more prominent in tinnitus subjects than in controls. (3) Activity at ϳ55 Hz determines the laterality of the tinnitus perception.Based on present and previous results, we have concluded that cochlear damage, or similar types of deafferentation from peripheral input, triggers reorganization in the central auditory system. This produces permanent alterations in the ongoing oscillatory dynamics at the higher layers of the auditory hierarchical stream. The change results in enhanced slow-wave activity reflecting altered corticothalamic and corticolimbic interplay. Such enhancement facilitates and sustains gamma activity as a neural code of phantom perception, in this case auditory.

β,β-Disubstituted vinyl sulfones were obtained with complete regio- and stereocontrol in a multicomponent reaction involving alkynes, organoboronic acids, and sulfonyl chlorides in the presence of a nickel catalyst. The reaction proceeds via sulfonyl radicals generated in situ under mild reaction conditions.

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Resolution of enantiomers through selective crystallisation of diastereomeric inclusion compounds can extend the scope of traditional racemate resolution beyond salt forming compounds. To assess the practical value of this approach the literature was carefully screened and promising results were checked. Also an extensive range of new inclusion hosts suitable for resolution processes, derived from simple hydroxyand amino acids were prepared and tested. Several techniques, including the Dutch Resolution approach utilizing mixtures of resolving agents, were applied. Over 70 potential resolving agents were tested in combinations with 34 racemates (over 100 racemates if literature results are included). Reproducibility of literature results was found to be problematic. Also the number of successful new resolutions found was very limited: only two efficient resolutions out of 1200 combinations of racemate and resolving agent tested in over 10.000 experiments! Crystal studies of representative combi-

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