Developing guidelines for the role of the physiotherapist in neonatal and pediatric intensive care units is essential because these professionals are responsible for the rehabilitation of critically ill patients. Rehabilitation includes the evaluation and prevention of functional kinetic alterations, application of treatment interventions (respiratory and/or motor physiotherapy), control and application of medical gases, care of mechanical ventilation, weaning and extubation, tracheal gas insufflation, inflation/deflation of the endotracheal cuff protocol, and surfactant application, aiming to allow patients to have a full recovery and return to their functional activities. In this article, we present guidelines that are intended to guide the physiotherapist in some of the prevention/ treatment interventions in respiratory therapy (airway clearance, lung expansion, position in bed, airway suction, drug inhalation, and cough assist), which help in the rehabilitation process of newborns and children in intensive care units during mechanical ventilation and up to 12 hours following extubation.
Incidence and primary causes of unplanned extubation in a neonatal intensive care unit Incidência e principais causas de extubação não planejada em unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal
RESUMOObjetivo: investigar a atuação do enfermeiro no cuidado ao recém-nascido nas unidades neonatais diante desse novo modelo de equipe. Métodos: estudo transversal e descritivo do qual participaram 53 enfermeiros que atuam na assistência ao recém-nascido na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva e na Unidade de Cuidado Intermediário Neonatal. Resultados: a maior parte dos profissionais é de dedicação profissional exclusiva; e apenas uma pequena parte é especialista em neonatologia (18,87%). Destacaram-se a vontade dos profissionais em participar de procedimentos como inserção de Cateter Central de Inserção Periférica (31,88%) e a participação nas discussões de casos com a equipe multiprofissional (15,94%). Grande parte dos profissionais (92,4%) acredita que esse modelo pode melhorar a qualidade da assistência. Conclusão: a literatura é escassa sobre esse tipo de modelo assistencial de enfermagem no Brasil. Esta pesquisa registrou a atuação do profissional enfermeiro nesse novo arranjo de equipe. Descritores: Cuidados de Enfermagem; Neonatologia; Equipe de enfermagem; Recém-nascido.ABSTRACT Objective: to investigate the role of nurses in the care of newborns in neonatal units, before this new team model. Methods: descriptive study which was attended by 53 nurses working in the care of the newborn in the Intensive Care Unit and Neonatal Care Unit Intermediate. Results: the most of the professionals is the exclusive professional dedication; and only a small portion specializes in neonatology (18.87%). They stood out the will of professionals to participate in procedures such as insertion of Central Catheters Peripherally Inserted (31.88%) and participation in case discussions with the multidisciplinary team (15.94%). Much of the professionals (92.4%) believe that this model can improve the quality of care. Conclusion: the literature is scarce on this type of care model of nursing in Brazil. This survey recorded the role of the professional nurse in this new team arrangement. Descriptors: Nursing care; Neonatology; Nursing team; Newborn. RESUMEN Objetivo: investigar el papel de las enfermeras en el cuidado de los recién nacidos en las unidades neonatales, antes de que este nuevo modelo de equipo. Métodos: se trata de un estudio descriptivo a la que asistieron 53 enfermeras que trabajan en el cuidado del recién nacido en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos y Unidad Neonatal de Cuidados Intermedios. Resultados: la mayoría de los profesionales es la dedicación profesional exclusiva; y sólo una pequeña parte está especializado en neonatología (18,87%). Se destacaron la voluntad de los profesionales de participación en procedimientos tales como la inserción de catéteres central de inserción periférica (31,88%) y la participación en las discusiones de casos con el equipo multidisciplinario (15,94%). Gran parte de los profesionales (92,4%) creen que este modelo puede mejorar la calidad de la atención. Conclusión: la literatura es escasa en este tipo de modelo de atención de enfermería en Brasil. Esta encuesta registró el papel de la ...
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