Abstract

This cross-sectional study investigated the epidemiological profile of pregnant women with positive VDRL in Fortaleza, Ceará State, Brazil, in 2008. The study verified the proportion of pregnant women with syphilis that was classified as treated incorrectly according to Brazilian Ministry of Health guidelines, and assessed the reasons for inadequate treatment. Fifty-eight women who had given birth at five public maternity hospitals were interviewed consecutively following delivery. Data were also recovered from medical files and pregnancy cards. Sociodemographic and obstetric data and information related to the diagnosis and treatment of syphilis in both pregnant women and their partners were analyzed. Only three (5.2%; 95%CI: 1.8%-14.1%) pregnant women had received adequate treatment. The main reason for inadequate treatment was lack of partner treatment (88% of cases; 95%CI: 76.2%-94.4%). Medical care as currently provided does not guarantee the control of gestational syphilis in this sample.

PURPOSES:To analyze the sociodemographic and behavioral profile of sex partners, the proportion of those inadequately treated as well as to verify how many of them were inadequately treated and why some were not treated. METHODS: Quantitative study with data collected from May to October, 2008 at five public maternities in Fortaleza, Ceará. A survey was carried out with parturients who were hospitalized with syphilis and had a stable sex partner. We analyzed sociodemographic variables and those related to communication, diagnosis and treatment of sex partners. The data were entered into the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences and were analyzed using frequency distributions, measures of central tendency and dispersion. RESULTS: The study included 56 pregnant women. Most sexual partners were young adults aged on average 29 years, 50% of them had studied for less than seven years, 82.1 worked and 46.4% had a family income of less than a minimum wage. Of all the partners, 92.9% were the child's father and 69.6% lived with the women. Fifty percent and 12% were alcohol and drug users, respectively. Most partners (75.0%) were told about the diagnosis by the women, and in 78.6% of cases they were aware of the VDRL result before or during the prenatal period. However, 25.0% of the women did not communicate the result to their partners for the following reasons: not knowing the importance of the partner's treatment (50.0%), not being together after the diagnosis (42.9%) and having a quarrel (7.1%). Of the partners who were informed about the result before or during the prenatal period, 56.0% were treated and six (42.8%) were considered to have been

Identificar as experiências de gestantes e puérperas portadoras do HIV com a quimioprofilaxia para prevenção da transmissão vertical. Estudo de abordagem qualitativa desenvolvido nos meses de março e abril de 2006 em uma maternidade de referência de Fortaleza-Ceará. Os sujeitos foram gestantes e puérperas HIV positivas em acompanhamento pré-natal e no alojamento conjunto. A coleta de dados deu-se através de entrevista e a análise em três categorias: a revelação do diagnóstico aos familiares, o aconselhamento e a vivência das recomendações para a profilaxia da transmissão vertical. Constatou-se que essas mulheres enfrentaram situações de conflitos e sentimentos negativos diante da vida e a importância do acompanhamento emocional por equipe multiprofissional capacitada, atenta as demandas subjetivas.

RESUMO Vivencia-se em todo o mundo o aumento nos casos de HIV/Aids em mulheres que têm como conseqüência a transmissão vertical. O Ministério da Saúde preconizou a realização do exame anti-HIV na rotina do pré-natal, com vista a garantir a quimioprofilaxia em mulheres soropositivas e seus conceptos. Objetivou-se analisar o enfrentamento e as percepções das gestantes em relação ao resultado do teste anti-HIV-positivo. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva com gestantes, nas quais a descoberta da condição sorológica para o HIV ocorreu durante a gravidez. A coleta de dados ocorreu durante os meses de março e abril de 2006 e envolveu seis mulheres que se encontravam em acompanhamento pré-natal em um dos hospitais de referência para gestantes HIV-positivas em Fortaleza, Ceará. Utilizou-se a história oral temática para a coleta de dados, e a análise concentrou-se nas experiências vividas e no enfrentamento do diagnóstico. As gestantes desenvolveram diferentes maneiras de enfrentar a nova realidade imposta pelo resultado positivo. A negação e o medo de transmitir o vírus para o bebê são as primeiras reações; posteriormente, aparecem as atitudes positivas. O apoio familiar e o suporte emocional oferecido pelos profissionais ajudaram no enfrentamento do resultado, minimizando angústias e medos. Concluiu-se que o resultado positivo para o HIV traz muito sofrimento às gestantes e que se faz necessário suporte emocional sistemático por meio de um aconselhamento continuado.