The association between PD and PLBW weight was consistent, except for exposure measurement 1, i.e. using at least one site with CAL> or =3 mm for periodontitis diagnosis, while the magnitude of this varied according to the definition established.

Objective: To systematically analyze the relationship between maternal anemia and low birth weight. Methods: A search of studies was conducted in the main databases (Medline, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, SciELO, and Lilacs), the gray literature, and the reference lists of selected articles. Cohort and case-control studies that met the eligibility criteria were included in the review. There was no limitation on the language or date of publication. Article selection and data extraction were performed by two independent reviewers. Meta-analyses with random effects, subgroup analyses and meta-regressions were performed. Publication bias was measured using Egger regression and visual funnel plot inspection. Results: A total of 7243 articles were found, of which 71 comprised the systematic review and 68 were included in the meta-analyses. Maternal anemia was associated with low birth weight with an adjusted OR: 1.23 (95% CI: 1.06–1.43) and I2: 58%. The meta-regressions confirmed that the sample size and the methodological quality may partially explain the statistical heterogeneity. Conclusions: Maternal anemia was considered a risk factor for low birth weight.

Objective To conduct a systematic review and meta‐analysis to evaluate the recent scientific literature addressing the association between periodontitis and asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and pneumonia. Materials and Methods The search for studies was carried out using MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, Lilacs, Web of Science, Scopus, and SciELO databases, including the gray literature (ProQuest). Reference lists of selected articles were also searched. Studies having varying epidemiological designs assessing the association between periodontitis and respiratory diseases in human subjects were eligible for inclusion. Three independent reviewers performed the selection of articles and data extraction. Fixed and random effects meta‐analysis were performed for the calculation of the association measurements (Odds Ratio—OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Results A total of 3,234 records were identified in the database search, with only 13 studies meeting the eligibility criteria and 10 studies contributed data for meta‐analysis. Using a random effects models periodontitis was associated with asthma: ORadjusted: 3.54 (95% CI: 2.47–5.07), I2 = 0%; with COPD: OR adjusted: 1.78 (95% CI: 1.04–3.05), I2 = 37.9%; and with pneumonia: OR adjusted: 3.21 (95% CI: 1.997–5.17), I2 = 0%. Conclusions The main findings of this systematic review validated an association between periodontitis and asthma, COPD and pneumonia.

In this study, chronic periodontitis is associated with elevated plasma CRP levels, even after controlling for several potential confounders.

Postmenopausal women with osteoporosis and low educational levels have a greater chance of having periodontal disease than do those without osteoporosis.