Mung bean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) is one of the most important pulse crops due to the high content of protein as well as the ability to nitrogen fixation in soil. Seed yield is the most complex trait which highly influenced by other traits and also the environment. In this view, the study was aimed to evaluate the relationship between yield and yield attributing traits of sixty genotypes of Mung bean. The genotypes exhibited significant variability in respect to all the fourteen quantitative characters studied. Genetic variability studies showed presence of good amount of variation among the sixty genotypes. Highest PCV and GCV was recorded by seed yield followed by number of seeds per plant and primary branch length. The characters, seed yield per plant, number of seeds per plant, primary branch length, biological yield, harvest index, 100 seed weight, number of pods per plant, number of clusters per plant, plant height and number of primary branches had shown high heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percent mean. Seed yield per plant had shown highly significant and positive correlation with number of clusters per plant, number of pods per plant, pod length, number of seeds per pod, number of seeds per plant, biological yield and harvest index at both phenotypic and genotypic levels. Path analysis showed that biological yield and harvest index were the most important characters for yield improvement.

The present study was conducted at Genetics and Plant breeding plot, Central Agricultural University in July 2021−August 2022, sixty mung bean genotypes were evaluated for 28 morphological quantitative and qualitative traits planted in RBD with three replications. Among traits, 14 were yield and its attributing traits and other 14 were qualitative characters scored according to IBPGR guidelines of mung bean. Principal component analysis (PCA) was done to identify the significant characters and the variation of genotypes based on different traits. Principal Component Analysis revealed that out of 28, only first nine principal components exhibited more than 1.0 eigen value and showed about 71.22% total variability. PC1 showed 19.42% variability with eigen value 5.44, and was dominated by traits i.e., plant height (0.496), number of clusters plant-1 (0.762), number of pods plant-1 (0.868), number of seeds pod-1 (0.409), number of seeds plant-1 (0.933), biological yield (0.905) and seed yield plant-1 (0.878), which concludes it as a yield attributing principal component. PC 1 and PC 9 accounts for yield contributing traits, PC 6 accounts for seed characters, PC 2 for duration and all the remaining PCs for different qualitative characters. Based on the PC scores in PC 1 and PC 9 which are yield attributing components the genotypes namely SML 1115(8.7), IPMD 1604(6.93), IPM 1103-1(9.58) PM 1624(8.08), RMG 1132(10.27), Virat (IPM 205-7) (7.42), IPM 1603-1(9.77) and MML 2568(7.77) were selected for high yield and its attributing traits.