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Background: Nasal dermoid sinus cyst (NDSC) is a rare congenital lesion, typically presenting at birth or in early infancy. Treatment of NDSC includes complete resection of the mass and the sinus tract, which may extend intracranially. Incomplete resection of the track is associated with high recurrence. We were looking for methods to delineate the NDSC track, without increasing the financial burden to the patient. Method:The patient was a 12-year-old female who came with a recent onset nasal swelling, which developed near a punctum present since birth. Intraoperatively, we cannulated the sinus and injected methylene blue (MB) dye through it. The dye served as a visual guide for the dissection.Result: Complete excision could be achieved. No complications or recurrence has been noted after more than a year. Conclusion:We advocate the use of MB for precise and complete excision of NDSC. The method needs to be explored in a larger series.

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In litchi, certain cultivars are prone to alternate bearing. To counteract the alternate bearing, an experiment was conducted on annual guided branch girdling for four consecutive fruit bearing years using a commercial plantation of litchi cv. China litchi at Ranchi, India. Trees were girdled by removing a bark strip (2, 4 and 6 mm width) circularly around the selected 25% and 50% primary branches. During OFF-years, the flowering was increased by 8.62 (2017) and 4.37 (2019) times whereas; it was 3.49 (2015) and 1.68 (2018) times higher during ON-years with the L2G2 treatment (4 mm width girdling of 50% primary branches). Treatment L2G2 also showed the highest cumulative yield with 201.19kg/tree from four years, while the control showed the lowest cumulative yield with 96.98 kg/tree. After four years, the pooled fruit yield data showed that the highest average yield was recorded in L2G2 treatment (50.30 kg/ tree), and it was found to be the lowest in the control (24.24 kg/ tree). The pooled data also showed that the highest average alternate bearing index (I) value (0.73) was observed in the control treatment whereas it was the lowest

Abstract-The challenging nature of strata dynamics in and around goaf edge of a depillaring operation warrants continuous vigilance over the dynamics for a safe and efficient working. Depending upon the nature of the working and surrounding rock mass, a variety of geo-technical instruments are, generally, deployed for the vigilance. Selection of positions and installation of these instruments involve good understanding of behavoiur of the associated rock mass, but continuous monitoring of their observations becomes an important issue. In a conventional depillaring working, most of the observations are monitored manually, which may lead to safety threat and unsafe design of the mining structures. Some of the observations of a data-logger based monitoring are proved to be very useful, but the involved financial constraints have restricted its large scale application. Simple incorporation of an electronic continuity circuit in the single point borehole extensometer is known as auto warning tell-tale (AWTT), which has enabled to watch a given value of the roof lowering continuously. This ability of AWTT has proved to be an advantage while depillaring: especially mechanized depillaring. However, it requires a vital input about the rock mass behaviour: the limit of strata deformation to trigger and flashing the alarm light. Explaining the role of design and safety instruments for given conditions of a depillaring panel, this paper provides experience based examples to choose type and positions of the instruments for the monitoring. Briefly discussing the role of combined instrument approach to compensate the error in estimating the rock mass behaviour at the time of instrumentation, the role of continuous monitoring is illustrated with the help of some field measurements in depillaring panels. With the help of a good input of the estimation of strata characteristics in advance, examples of successful use of AWTTs are presented to show its ability to work as a safety instrument. Experiences and measurements found that the AWTT works well under moderate roof strata. Apart from the nature of overlying strata, the field monitoring indicated a need of supervision in observations of this instrument if the working is influenced by barrier effect, leftour pillars/fenders inside the goaf or by a geological structure. Requirement of other supporting instruments are also mentioned on the basis of the noticed problems of this single point measurement below extreme strata conditions (strong and massive or weak and laminated roof strata).