Background: A team is a vital element for an organization. An organization should put efforts to improve team performance even though they might face some obstacles. Organization’s structure and task characteristics resulted in different team effectiveness of primary healthcare centres in preventing tuberculosis (TB) cases in Surabaya.Aims: This study aimed to identify the effect of organization’s structure and task characteristics on team effectiveness of primary healthcare centers in TB prevention program in Surabaya.Methods: The reasearch was a quantitative study using a cross-sectional approach. Questionnaires were disseminated to 43 respondents as the samples selected with a proportional stratified random sampling technique based on the success rate. The respondents consisted of doctors, nurses, and health analysts who were directly involved in the Tuberculosis prevention program. This study used a linear multivariable regression test to confirm the most significant model for the independent variable.Results: The span of control and centralization had a significant effect on task characteristics (sig 0.00; sig 0.017). The dimensions of task characteristics that had a significant effect on team effectiveness were task variety, task identity, and task significance.Conclusion: There was a significant effect of span of control and centralization on task characteristics. The primary healthcare centers should provide access to technology to upgrade the span of control and centralization and their understanding of task characteristics. Keywords: health services, organization’s structure, task characteristics, team effectiveness, tuberculosis.

Background: The transmission of tuberculosis (TB) is hard to stop. Surabaya city has the highest TB cases in East Java and only achieved <90% of the target in 2017-2018. The formation of preventing TB team in every primary health care (PHC) is expected to work effectively in preventing TB cases in society. Aims: This study aimed to analyze the impact of cohesion and trust within a team on team effectiveness in preventing TB cases in Surabaya. Methods: This study was an observational study with a cross-sectional design conducted in 43 primary healthcare centers (PHC), and it involved 319 respondents selected by proportional stratified random sampling. The data were collected through questionnaires and tested descriptively and through multivariable linear regression to confirm the most significant models of independent variables and dependent variables. Results: The result showed that task cohesion of the cohesion variable (RR= 0.374; p= 0.014) and cooperative behaviors of the trust variable (RR= 0.558; p= 0.000) had a significant influence on team effectiveness. The others dimension of team cohesion and trust had no significant impact on team effectiveness   Conclusion: Team effectiveness is dependent on team cohesion and trust that the teamwork process component. The Surabaya City Health Office needs to collaborate with the PHC management to evaluate the teamwork of the preventing TB team through in-depth interviews or other methods to get the problem in the team.

Globally, malaria cases in the world reached 241 million cases in 2020 and increase from the previous year. Malaria infection in pregnant women was reported in 33 countries, and the cases were estimated at 11.6 million (34%). Malaria infection can increase maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality, including anemia in pregnancy, low birth weight, premature birth, stillbirth, and small gestation age, and congenital malaria. This article discusses pregnant women's malaria infection prevalence and maternal and neonatal outcomes. This paper is a systematic review by searching for articles using electronic databases from Pubmed and ScienceDirect using keywords “Malaria” and “Pregnancy” or “Pregnant Women” and “Outcome” or “Impact” and “Maternal” or “Neonatal”. The selection of articles used the PRISMA guidelines which were then analyzed in a narrative manner. Based on the article search results obtained 10 articles that meet the criteria for analysis. The prevalence of malaria infection in pregnancy is still high. Reported outcomes in pregnancy, birth, and neonates include preterm birth, low birth weight, small gestation age, maternal anemia, and maternal and neonatal mortality. The role of health workers is very important to prevent malaria infection in pregnancy so that it does not result in adverse health impacts for maternal and neonatal.

Introduction: The prevalence of stunting among under five years old children in Indonesia is still high, including those living in urban and non-remote areas that was taught to have better access of food and nutrition. The study aimed to determine the correlation between predisposing factors of stunting among toddlers in non-remote areas which thought to have good access to food and healthcare. Methods: This was a secondary data analysis using Indonesia’s Nationally Representative Survey known as the Basic Health Research 2018. The sample were children aged 0-59 months who were measured in selected households. Stunted children was determined based on the measuring height for age (HAZ) with a z-score less than -2 standard deviation. Multivariate analysis with a logistic regression test was performed to test predisposing factors associated with stunting. Results: The results showed that the prevalence of stunting among under-five years old children in non-remote areas of Indonesia was 29.7%. Adjusting for the multivariate analysis, the predisposing factors that significantly correlated with the incidence of stunting in a non-remote areas were families with a poor economic (AOR=1.49; 95%CI=1.39-1.59), household heads with low education levels (AOR= 1.50 (1.33-1.69) and health insurance ownership (AOR=1.16; 95%CI=1.09-1.24). Conclusions: In conclusion, families living in non-remote areas of Indonesia did not necessarily benefit from food availability or healthcare facilities, but it needs to be educated and wealthy enough to purchase food and also insurance. Trial Registration: Ethical approval research was issued by the Health Research Ethics Commission, Health Research and Development Agency of the Ministry of Health Number LB.02.01/2/KE.267/2017.

The Covid 19 pandemic had a terrible impact on the health system, especially maternal and child health. Covid 19 and MERS infections lead to higher case fatality rates and more severe morbidity during pregnancy. Pregnant women and neonates are a group at risk for the severity of Covid 19 infection. This study aimed to review the characteristics, signs, symptoms, and impact on maternal and neonatal of pregnant women with positive Covid 19. We performed a systematic review to investigate pregnant women infected with Covid 19. Literature research was conducted using several search engines, including Pub Med, Science Direct, and The Lancet, from January 1 st , 2021 to March 31 th , 2022. The articles were screened based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria based on the PRISMA guidelines. We included 8 studies, the number of pregnant women obtained was 1460 pregnant women with positive COVID 19, 1830 pregnant women with negative COVID-19, and 71 non pregnant women with positive Covid 19. The average age of the mother is around 19-41 years, gestational age is between 25-41 weeks, and the common symptoms are fever, cough, difficulty breathing, or shortness of breath. The most common complications were premature birth and premature rupture of membranes; besides bleeding complications, preeclampsia and fetal distress were reported. The common symptoms are fever and cough, and the impact of maternal are preterm birth and premature rupture of the membranes. The effect of neonatal is low birth weight and premature.