Combined center- and home-based Tai Chi training three times per week for 15 weeks significantly improved cognitive function and moderately reduced physiological fall risk in older adults with multiple-domain a-MCI. Tai Chi may be particularly beneficial to older adults with this condition.

TC training significantly improved memory and the mental switching component of executive function in older adults with a-MCI, possibly via an upregulation of BDNF.

Step length and step width variability is increased in people with MCI during GI, particularly in a condition involving a secondary cognitive task. These findings suggest that individuals with MCI have reduced balance control when undertaking a challenging walking task such as gait initiation, and this is exacerbated with an added cognitive task. Future studies should prospectively investigate the relationship between GI variability and fall risk in this population.

Having MCI or dementia is associated with greater physical decline compared to CN older people. Physical inactivity and executive dysfunction were associated with physical decline in this sample, which included participants with MCI and dementia. Both factors influencing physical decline are potentially amenable to interventions e.g. exercise.

This study examined the effects of a cognitive training program on cognitive function and neurochemistry changes in individuals with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). Ten individuals with aMCI were randomly assigned to the experimental (n = 5) and control (n = 5) groups. The experimental group took part in an 18session cognitive training program over a 6-week period. After completing the cognitive training course, the experimental group demonstrated significant improvement in memory, attention, and executive functions. With respect to the neurochemistry biomarkers, the myoinositol/creatine (mI/Cr) ratio was significantly decreased in the hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, and anterior cingulate cortex of the experimental group after training. Findings demonstrate that the cognitive training program showed promising evidence in improving cognitive functions in individuals with aMCI. The observed cognitive function improvement was accompanied by a decrease of mI levels. examine how improvement on theses psychological tests is related to functional changes. CONCLUSIONThis preliminary study demonstrated the beneficial effect of the cognitive training program in improving memory, attention, and executive function of individuals with aMCI. The cognitive improvement was accompanied by the decrement of mI/Cr in both sides of the hippocampus, PFC, and ACC. Thus, a cognitive training program may potentially be an effective interventional approach to delay the conversion from aMCI to AD. Further study is needed to confirm these preliminary findings. ACKNOWLEDGMENTSFunds for this research were granted by the Office of the Higher Education Commission, Thailand, and the